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\n\t1. Change leads to eternity<\/strong><\/p>\n In one of the most important references for Eastern philosophy,\u00a0the Book of Changes,<\/i>\u00a0there is a saying about, of course,\u00a0change<\/i>. “When there is difficulty, there will be change; when things change, problems get solved; when things get settled, it could last forever.” Could anyone get more rhetorical about the importance of change? It is also a sort of warning that “whatever that does not change is death, and if you are complacent you will fail.” All living beings including humans are bound to change since they are alive. Whatever being that does not change is not a living being. Even if it was a living being, it is dead. It is the truth and there is no way to say otherwise. This must be the reason for the Book of Changes to be called as\u00a0I Ching<\/i>, literally meaning the sacred book of change. No wonder it is the best literature of philosophy in the East.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t 2. The Origin of \u6613<\/strong><\/p>\n How did the Chinese character depict the notion of ‘change’? The letter \u6613 is quite a peculiar one. It means ‘to change’ but also, it can mean ‘easy,’ so the character itself tells us that change is not difficult but quite easy to make, so we should not be afraid of it. It is simple in structure, used commonly in other characters as well, but the origin is unexpectedly unclear. There is a great controversy on the etymology, roughly summarized into the following big categories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n<\/section>\n First, the theory of ‘lizard.’ This is asserted in the greatest ancient Chinese dictionary Shuowen Jiezi, completed in AD100 by Xu Shen(c.58~c.147). It is based on the interpretation of the letter Second, the argument that the character\u6613 is composed of two letters \u65e5(sun) and \u6708(moon). This theory also seems to have been popular during the era of Xu Shen. It is based on the idea that the character’s upper part is the sun and lower part is the moon, thus signifying change, since when the sun goes down, the moon rises and vice versa. This interpretation is probably based on the clerical script dominant Third, the theory that the character shares the same origin as the character \u76ca. This is asserted by one of the four important scholars of oracle bone script, Guo Moruo(1892~1978). He argues that it is the abbreviated version of the character \u76ca(to add) in the bronze script As such there are several theories concerning the origin of the character \u6613, but the traditional perspective of the depiction of lizard is the one that is still universally accepted. As lizards can easily change their skin color for protection, the character signifies ‘to change’ and then, ‘easy.’ Afterward, the character \u8734(animal that transforms itself) with more specific meaning has been created. Furthermore, diverse characters that include ‘change’ in their meanings have appeared: \u932b(changing tin, brass into bronze) or \u8cdc(bestow currency which allows exchange with other goods) or \u60d5(fear of change) or \u5254(changing shape by carving with a knife), etc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t 3. \u8b8a and \u6613<\/strong><\/p>\n There are many Chinese characters that mean change, other than \u6613. There are \u5316, \u6539, \u66f4, \u63db, \u8b8a. The character\u5316 depicts a living person(\u4eba=\u4ebb) and a dead one(\u5315 hu\u00e0), symbolizing the endless transformation between life and death. The character\u6539 depicts scolding(\u6534=\u6535) a child(\u5df3) with a stick to make a ‘change,’ and the character \u66f4 describes the image of moving some object with the hand(\u53c8), signifying the ‘movement or change’ of location. In Shuowen Jiezi, \u5950 is the image of a person standing on the tall cave house, so \u63db would mean brining something home to ‘change, exchange, transform.’<\/p>\n Among these characters, \u8b8a is close to\u6613, combining with it very easily, so its origin should be carefully examined. Looking into the structure of \u8b8a, the lower part \u6534(\u6535\u00b7to hit) gives the meaning and the lower part gives the sound, altogether meaning ‘to change’ by force(\u6534). As word\/language(\u8a00) is not constant, it could change at any time, so this unreliability has been reflected in this character. From there, combined words as \u8b8a\u66f4(alter), \u8b8a\u5316(change), \u4e8b\u8b8a(incident) appeared. Characters with complex structures were abbreviated for example, from \u470c to \u4ea6, resulting in \u5909. In modern Chinese simplified characters, \u6535 is reduced to\u53c8, resulting in \u53d8.<\/p>\n The main signification of\u8b8a is known to have originated from the letter \u6535(to force). However, the letter \u8a00 seems to have had a more important function, in fact. When we look at Chinese characters including \u8a00 in their composition, they always describe something which is not constant, unreliable, a rather negative existence. Why such a tendency? This results from the belief that the letter\u8a00 is a depiction of a big bamboo flute, originating from musical ‘sound’ of an instrument, not from human language. Eventually, \u8a00 in Chinese characters could not embrace the soul as the ‘letters’ do in Western civilization, perceived as variable and not trustworthy. This shows a contrast with the letter \u6587 which originates from making a scar with a knife in a corpse to separate the human’s soul from its body, since it is used in the context of sublimity.<\/p>\n From this viewpoint, \u6613 or\u8b8a and most of the characters concerned with the meaning of change are not related with human or soul. They originate from the image and feature of an animal or object. This does not look very different from the etymology of the English ‘change’ which indicates ‘to bend, to alter.’<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t 4. The Fourth Industrial Revolution era and Change<\/strong><\/p>\n As the important status of Book of Change reminds us, change in all beings in the universe is the everlasting truth. Is there anything in this world that does not change? Moreover in this current era where change is happening at an unimaginable speed, if you stay where you are and cannot change even for a moment, you would quickly become a loser and be ignored as a useless being.<\/p>\n If you look at the history of human civilization, the areas of interest for survival and the objects of development have also changed constantly according to different times. In the beginning, the land on which we live was our main concern. The colonization and conquest of land, the struggle saga have occupied a long history of mankind. Then, having recognized the limitations of land, expansion into another new realm, the sea, opened up another era. The true beginning must have been the history of the West at the end of the 15th century, which commenced the Age of Exploration. At the time, people thought the ocean was much smaller and narrower than the land, but now, after more than 500 years, almost everything in the ocean has been examined through and through, thus there remains nothing unknown. In addition, the ownership of not only the territorial waters but also the resources in the sea has been almost settled. Expandability in the sea has almost reached its limit.<\/p>\n Where would we go from here? Where would we expand to? One idea is to leave the Earth and head toward the cosmos. The competition has begun, from the most nearest moon and Mars, and other planets in the solar system, to the endless unknown universe. Even though we do not know the least of their principle of life and death, we will compete each other in the attempt of exploring and ruling the unknown realm. Just like the Age of Exploration, just as they competed for wealth and empire by exploring the unknown world, power nations dreaming of an empire have now begun to run in the competition of exploration and development.<\/p>\n The other expansion we could talk about is the opening up of new realms in the world we live in. That is, the domain of networks, connections, and relations that are emerging in the\u00a0 fourth industrial revolutionary era. People are connected to each other, people and things are connected, and now even things and things are connected to each other; hyper-connected networks are hereby available. Even posthumans declare that beings that are cut off from information, devices and connections already cannot qualify as existence.<\/p>\n Naturally in this context of the history of empires, whoever first occupied the new territory at this stage became the master of the new world. Expanding from the areas of land, sea,\u00a0 space, and connections.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t 5. Revolutionary, Creative Change<\/strong><\/p>\n In our 21st\u00a0century, the nation which dominates space and controls major networks will become the true empire. The key to such networks is the accumulation of data. Google, Amazon, Facebook, etc. have strived to collect, accumulate, analyze, and utilize such data, and this is probably why this era is called the DT(Data Technology) era. China is also taking the lead in getting even since the modern history of disgrace. With the effort of building a new empire through accumulation of big data via Baidu, Alibaba, WeChat and TikTok, China was able to establish intricate networks. Space station development was pioneered by the former Soviet Union and the United States, the two pillars of the Cold War since the 1950s but recently, \u00a0 China has also started their full-fledged space program ‘Space Exploration’ to explore and research space.<\/p>\n The radical change of the market, including such vast discourse, displays the rapid change of our paradigm. Overall changes have made offline market to go online, producer-oriented market to buyer-centered, educator-oriented education to consumer-based, and private ownership to sharing. Just a glance at YouTube, which has gained explosive popularity, would well explain the transition from the one-way communication of a large-scale broadcasting station to an era of mutual communication in which all individuals may become a broadcasting station. IT companies are leading all industries, sharing economy and artificial intelligence have come to the fore in the future industry. Now these companies are migrating toward the new world called metaverse. As observed in the change of Facebook’s company name to Meta, humanity is now moving beyond the world we see and experience into a ‘new world where virtual and reality are blended.’<\/p>\n In this sense, the phrase “change is the key to eternity” declared in the Book of Changes is more valid than ever. Not just simple change, but creative change is required. A revolutionary breakthrough that no one could have ever imagined. But such revolutionary and creative changes do not just fall from the sky. It is available only when reinterpretation takes place on the basis of tradition, past history, and previous wisdom. There is an Eastern saying \u6eab\u800c\u77e5\u65b0 which emphasizes the importance of old knowledge which would allow better acceptance of new knowledge.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t 1. \ubcc0\ud574\uc57c \uc601\uc6d0\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4<\/strong><\/p>\n \ub3d9\uc591 \ucd5c\uace0\uc758 \ucca0\ud559\uc11c ‘\uc8fc\uc5ed\u5468\u6613’\uc5d0\ub294 \uc774\ub7f0 \ub9d0\uc774 \uc788\ub2e4. “\uad81\ud558\uba74 \ubcc0\ud558\uace0, \ubcc0\ud558\uba74 \ud1b5\ud558\uace0, \ud1b5\ud558\uba74 \uc601\uc6d0\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4.(\u7aae\u5247\u8b8a, \u8b8a\u5247\u901a, \u901a\u5247\u4e45.)” \ubcc0\ud654\uc758 \uc911\uc694\uc131\uc744 \uc774\ubcf4\ub2e4 \ub354 \uc6c5\ubcc0\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ud45c\ud604\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc744\uae4c? “\ubcc0\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\ub294 \uac83\uc740 \uc8fd\uc74c\uc774\uc694, \ud3b8\ud558\uac8c \ud604\uc2e4\uc5d0 \uc548\uc8fc\ud55c\ub2e4\uba74 \ub9dd\ud558\uace0 \ub9cc\ub2e4.”\ub294 \uacbd\uace0\uc774\uae30\ub3c4 \ud558\ub2e4. \uc778\uac04\uc744 \ube44\ub86f\ud55c \uc0dd\uba85\uc744 \uac00\uc9c4 \ubaa8\ub4e0 \uc874\uc7ac\ub294 \uc0b4\uc544 \uc788\uae30\uc5d0 \ubcc0\ud558\uae30 \ub9c8\ub828\uc774\ub2e4. \ubcc0\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\ub294 \uac83\uc740 \uc0dd\ubb3c\uc774 \uc544\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc0dd\ubb3c\uc774\ub77c\ub3c4 \uc8fd\uc740 \uc874\uc7ac\ub2e4. \uc774\uac83\uc740 \uc0c1\uc2dd\uc774\uc790 \ubd88\ubcc0\uc758 \uc9c4\ub9ac\uc774\ub2e4. ‘\ubcc0\ud654\uc5d0 \uad00\ud55c \ucc45’\uc774\ub77c\ub294 \uc758\ubbf8\ub97c \uac00\uc9c4 ‘\uc8fc\uc5ed’\uc774 \ub2ec\ub9ac \uacbd\uc804\uc73c\ub85c \ub192\uc5ec ‘\uc5ed\uacbd’\uc774\ub77c \ubd88\ub9ac\uace0, \uadf8\uac83\uc774 \ub3d9\uc591 \ucd5c\uace0\uc758 \ucca0\ud559\uc11c\uac00 \ub41c \uac83\ub3c4 \uc774 \ub54c\ubb38\uc77c \uac83\uc774\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t 2. \uc5ed(\u6613)\uc758 \uc5b4\uc6d0: \ub3c4\ub9c8\ubc40<\/strong><\/p>\n ‘\ubcc0\ud654’\ub77c\ub294 \uac1c\ub150\uc744 \ud55c\uc790\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \uc5b4\ub5bb\uac8c \uadf8\ub824\ub0c8\uc744\uae4c? \uc5ed(\u6613)\uc774 \uadf8\uac83\uc778\ub370, \uc5ed(\u6613)\uc740 \ubb18\ud55c \uae00\uc790\uc774\uc774\ub2e4. \uc5ed(\u6613)\uc5d0\ub294 ‘\ubc14\ub00c\ub2e4’\ub294 \ub73b\ub3c4 \uc788\uc9c0\ub9cc, ‘\uc27d\ub2e4’\ub294 \ub73b\ub3c4 \uc788\uc5b4 “\ubcc0\ud654\uac00 \uc5b4\ub824\uc6c0\uc774 \uc544\ub2c8\ub77c \uc815\ub9d0 \uc26c\uc6b4 \uac83\uc784\uc744, \uadf8\ub798\uc11c \ub450\ub824\uc6cc\ud558\uc9c0 \ub9d0 \uac83\uc744 \ub9d0\ud574\uc8fc\uace0 \uc788\uae30 \ub54c\ubb38\uc774\ub2e4. \uc5ed(\u6613)\uc740 \uc790\ud615\uc774 \ub2e8\uc21c\ud558\uace0 \uc0c1\uc6a9\uc790\uc774\uae30\ub3c4 \ud55c\ub370 \uadf8 \uc5b4\uc6d0\uc740 \uc758\uc678\ub85c \ubd84\uba85\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc544 \ub17c\uc7c1\uc774 \ub9ce\uc740 \uae00\uc790\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub7ec\ub098 \uc694\uc57d\ud558\uba74 \ub300\ub7b5 \ub2e4\uc74c\uc758 \uc138 \uac00\uc9c0\uac00 \uc788\ub2e4.<\/p>\n \uccab\uc9f8, ‘\ub3c4\ub9c8\ubc40’\uc774\ub77c\ub294 \uc124\uc774\ub2e4. A.D.100\ub144\uc5d0 \uc644\uc131\ub41c \uc911\uad6d \ucd5c\uace0\uc758 \uc5b4\uc6d0\ud574\uc124\uc11c\uc778 \ud5c8\uc2e0(\u8a31\u613c, \uc57d 58~\uc57d 147)\uc758 ‘\uc124\ubb38\ud574\uc790’\uc5d0\uc11c \uadf8\ub807\uac8c \uc8fc\uc7a5\ud588\ub2e4. \ub2f9\uc2dc \ud574\uc124\uc758 \uadfc\uac70\ub85c \uc0bc\uc558\ub358 \uc18c\uc804\uccb4\uc758\u00a0 \ub458\uc9f8, \uc5ed(\u6613)\uc740 \uc77c(\u65e5)\uacfc \uc6d4(\u6708)\uc758 \uad6c\uc131\uc73c\ub85c \ub418\uc5c8\ub2e4\ub294 \uc124\uc774\ub2e4. \uc774 \uc5ed\uc2dc \ud5c8\uc2e0\uc758 \uc2dc\ub300\uc5d0 \uc774\ubbf8 \uc720\ud589\ud588\ub358 \uac83\ucc98\ub7fc \ubcf4\uc774\ub294\ub370, \uc5ed(\u6613)\uc774 \ub3c4\ub9c8\ubc40\uc744 \uadf8\ub9b0 \uac83\uc774 \uc544\ub2c8\ub77c \uc77c(\u65e5)\uacfc \uc6d4(\u6708)\uc758 \uc0c1\ud558\uacb0\ud569\uc73c\ub85c, \ud574\uac00 \uc9c0\uace0 \ub2ec\uc774 \ub728\uba70 \ub2ec\uc774 \uc9c0\uace0 \ud574\uac00 \ub728\ub4ef \uc11c\ub85c ‘\ubc14\ub00c\ub2e4’\ub294 \uc758\ubbf8\ub97c \ub2f4\uc558\ub2e4\ub294 \uc8fc\uc7a5\uc774\ub2e4. \uc544\ub9c8\ub3c4 \ud55c\ub098\ub77c \ub2f9\uc2dc \uc720\ud589\ud558\ub358 \uc11c\uccb4\uc778 \uc608\uc11c\uccb4\uc778\u00a0 \uc14b\uc9f8, \uc775(\u76ca)\uc790\uc640 \uac19\uc740 \ub370\uc11c \ub098\uc654\ub2e4\ub294 \uc124\uc774\ub2e4. \uc774\ub294 \uac11\uace8\ubb38 4\ub300\uac00\uc758 \ud55c \uc0ac\ub78c\uc73c\ub85c \uaf3d\ud788\ub294 \uacfd\ub9d0\uc57d(\u90ed\u6cab\u82e5, 1892~1978)\uc758 \uc8fc\uc7a5\uc778\ub370, \uae08\ubb38\uc5d0 \ubcf4\uc774\ub294 \uc775(\u76ca: \ub354\ud558\ub2e4)\uc790\uc778\u00a0 \uc774\ucc98\ub7fc \uc5ed(\u6613)\uc758 \uc5b4\uc6d0\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \ud574\uc124\uc740 \uc5ec\ub7ff \uc788\uc9c0\ub9cc, \uadf8\ub798\ub3c4 \ub3c4\ub9c8\ubc40\uc744 \uadf8\ub838\ub2e4\ub294 \uc804\ud1b5\uc801\uc778 \ud574\uc124\uc774 \uc5ec\uc804\ud788 \ubcf4\ud3b8\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc218\uc6a9\ub418\uace0 \uc788\ub2e4. \ubcf4\ud638\ub97c \uc704\ud574 \uc27d\uac8c \uc790\uc2e0\uc758 \ubab8 \uc0c9\uae54\uc744 \ubc14\uafbc\ub2e4\ub294 \ub73b\uc5d0\uc11c ‘\ubc14\uafb8\ub2e4’\uc758 \ub73b\uc774, \ub2e4\uc2dc ‘\uc27d\ub2e4’\ub294 \uc758\ubbf8\uac00 \ub098\uc654\uc73c\uba70, \uc774\ud6c4 \uc758\ubbf8\uac00 \ub354 \uad6c\uccb4\ud654\ub41c \ucc99(\u8734: \uc798 \ubcc0\uc2e0\ud558\ub294 \ub3d9\ubb3c)\uc774 \ub9cc\ub4e4\uc5b4\uc84c\uc73c\uba70, \ub098\uc544\uac00 \uc11d(\u932b: \uc8fc\uc11d, \ud669\ub3d9\uc744 \uccad\ub3d9\uc73c\ub85c \ubc14\uafc8)\uc774\ub098 \uc0ac(\u8cdc: \ub2e4\ub978 \uc7ac\ud654\ub85c \ubc14\uafb8\uc5b4 \uc4f8 \uc218 \uc788\ub294 \ud654\ud3d0\ub97c \ud558\uc0ac\ud568)\ub098 \ucc99(\u60d5: \ubcc0\ud654\ub97c \ub450\ub824\uc6cc\ud558\ub294 \uc2ec\ub9ac)\uc774\ub098 \ucc99(\u5254: \uce7c\ub85c \ub3c4\ub824\ub0b4 \ubaa8\uc591\uc744 \ubc14\uafc8) \ub4f1\uc73c\ub85c \ubcc0\ud654\ub97c \ub0b4\ud3ec\ud55c \uc758\ubbf8\ub97c \uac00\uc9c4 \ub2e4\uc591\ud55c \uae00\uc790\ub4e4\uc774 \uc0dd\uaca8\ub0ac\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t 3.\ubcc0(\u8b8a)\uacfc \uc5ed(\u6613): \ubcc0\uc5ed(\u8b8a\u6613)<\/strong><\/p>\n \ubcc0\ud654\ub098 \ubc14\uafb8\ub2e4\uc758 \ub73b\uc744 \uac00\uc9c4 \ud55c\uc790\ub294 \uc5ed(\u6613) \uc774\uc678\uc5d0\ub3c4 \uc5ec\ub7ff \uc788\ub2e4. \ud654(\u5316)\ub3c4 \uc788\uace0, \uac1c(\u6539)\ub3c4 \uc788\uace0, \uacbd(\u66f4)\ub3c4 \uc788\uace0, \ud658(\u63db)\ub3c4 \uc788\uace0, \ub610 \ubcc0(\u8b8a)\ub3c4 \uc788\ub2e4. \ud654(\u5316)\ub294 \uc0b0\uc0ac\ub78c(\u4eba=\u4ebb)\uacfc \uc8fd\uc740 \uc0ac\ub78c(\u5315 hu\u00e0)\uc744 \uadf8\ub824 \uc0b6\uacfc \uc8fd\uc74c \uac04\uc758 \ub04a\uc784\uc5c6\ub294 ‘\uc804\ud654(\u8f49\u5316)’\ub97c \uadf8\ub838\uc73c\uba70, \uac1c(\u6539)\ub294 \uc544\uc774(\u5df3)\ub97c \ud68c\ucd08\ub9ac\ub85c \ud6c8\uc721\ud558\uba70(\u6534=\u6535) \ub2e4\ub978 \ubaa8\uc2b5\uc73c\ub85c ‘\ubcc0\ud654’\uc2dc\ud0a4\ub294 \uac83\uc744 \uadf8\ub838\uace0, \uacbd(\u66f4)\uc740 \uc190(\u53c8)\uc73c\ub85c \uc5b4\ub5a4 \ubb3c\uccb4\ub97c \uc62e\uae30\ub294 \ubaa8\uc2b5\uc744 \uadf8\ub824 \uc704\uce58\uc758 ‘\uc774\ub3d9\uc774\ub098 \ubcc0\uacbd’\uc744 \ub9d0\ud588\uace0, \ud658(\u63db)\uc740 \ud658(\u5950)\uc774 ‘\uc124\ubb38\ud574\uc790’\uc758 \ud574\uc124\ucc98\ub7fc “\uc0ac\ub78c(\u4eba)\uc774 \ub192\uc740 \ub3d9\uad74 \uc9d1(\u7a74) \uc704\uc5d0 \uc11c \uc788\ub294 \ubaa8\uc2b5”\uc784\uc744 \uace0\ub824\ud558\uba74, \uc5b4\ub5a4 \uac83\uc744 \uc9d1\uc73c\ub85c \uac00\uc838\uc640 ‘\ubc14\uafb8\ub2e4’, \uad50\ud658\ud558\ub2e4, \ubcc0\ud658\ud558\ub2e4\ub294 \uc758\ubbf8\ub97c \uadf8\ub9b0 \uac83\uc73c\ub85c \ucd94\uc815\ub41c\ub2e4.<\/p>\n \uadf8\uc911\uc5d0\uc11c\ub3c4 \ubcc0(\u8b8a)\uc740 \uc5ed(\u6613)\uacfc \uce5c\ubc00\ud558\uc5ec \uc798 \uacb0\ud569\ud558\ub294 \uae00\uc790\uc774\uae30\uc5d0 \uc774\uc758 \uc5b4\uc6d0\ub3c4 \ub208\uc5ec\uaca8\ubcf4\uc544\uc57c \ud55c\ub2e4. \ubcc0(\u8b8a)\uc740 \uc9c0\uae08\uc758 \uad6c\uc870\uc5d0\uc11c\ub3c4 \ubcfc \uc218 \uc788\ub4ef, \u6534(\u6535\u00b7\uce60 \ubcf5)\uc774 \uc758\ubbf8\ubd80\uace0 \u470c(\uc5b4\uc9c0\ub7ec\uc6b8 \ub828)\uc774 \uc18c\ub9ac\ubd80\ub85c, \uac15\uc81c\ud558\uc5ec(\u6534) ‘\ubc14\uafb8\ub2e4’\ub294 \ub73b\uc778\ub370, \ub9d0(\u8a00)\uc740 \ud56d\uc0c1\uc131\uc744 \uc9c0\ub2cc \uac83\uc774 \uc544\ub2c8\ub77c \uc5b8\uc81c\ub098 \ubcc0\ud558\uc5ec \ubbff\uc744 \uc218 \uc5c6\ub294 \uac83\uc784\uc744 \ubc18\uc601\ud588\ub2e4. \uc774\ub85c\ubd80\ud130 \ubcc0\uacbd(\u8b8a\u66f4)\ud558\ub2e4, \ubcc0\ud654(\u8b8a\u5316)\ud558\ub2e4, \uc0ac\ubcc0(\u4e8b\u8b8a) \ub4f1\uc758 \ub73b\uc774 \ub098\uc654\ub2e4. \uad6c\uc870\uac00 \ubcf5\uc7a1\ud558\uc5ec \uc57d\uc790\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \ub828(\u470c)\uc744 \uc5ed(\u4ea6)\uc73c\ub85c \uc904\uc5ec \ubcc0(\u5909)\uc73c\ub85c \uc4f0\uae30\ub3c4 \ud55c\ub2e4. \ud604\ub300 \uc911\uad6d\uc758 \uac04\ud654\uc790\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \ubcf5(\u6535)\uc744 \ub2e4\uc2dc \u53c8(\ub610 \uc6b0)\ub85c \uc904\uc778 \ubcc0(\u53d8)\uc73c\ub85c \uc4f4\ub2e4.<\/p>\n \ubcc0(\u8b8a)\uc758 \uc8fc\uc694 \uc758\ubbf8\ub294 \uac15\uc81c\ud558\ub2e4\ub294 \ub73b\uc744 \uac16\ub294 \ubcf5(\u6535)\uc5d0\uc11c \ud615\uc131\ub41c \uac83\uc73c\ub85c \uc54c\ub824\uc84c\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub7ec\ub098 \uc0ac\uc2e4\uc740 \uc5b8(\u8a00)\uc774 \ub354 \uc911\uc694\ud55c \uae30\ub2a5\uc744 \ud55c \uac83\uc73c\ub85c \ubcf4\uc778\ub2e4. \ud55c\uc790\uc5d0\uc11c \uc5b8(\u8a00)\uc73c\ub85c \uad6c\uc131\ub41c \uae00\uc790\ub4e4\uc740 \uc0b4\ud3b4\ubcf4\ub77c. \uc774\ub4e4\uc740 \uc5b8\uc81c\ub098 ‘\ud56d\uc0c1\uc131\uc744 \uc9c0\ub2c8\uc9c0 \ubabb\ud558\uba70”, \ubbff\uc744 \uc218 \uc5c6\ub294 \uac83\uc73c\ub85c, \ubd80\uc815\uc801\uc778 \uc874\uc7ac\ub85c \uc778\uc2dd\ub418\uace0 \uc788\uae30 \ub54c\ubb38\uc774\ub2e4. \uc65c \uadf8\ub7f4\uae4c? \uadf8\uac83\uc740 \uc5b8(\u8a00)\uc774 \ud070 \ud241\uc18c\ub97c \uadf8\ub838\uace0, \uc0ac\ub78c\uc758 \ub9d0\uc774 \uc544\ub2cc \uc545\uae30\uc758 ‘\uc18c\ub9ac’\uc5d0\uc11c \ucd9c\ubc1c\ud55c\ub370\uc11c \uc5f0\uc720\ud55c\ub2e4. \uadf8 \uacb0\uacfc \ud55c\uc790\uc5d0\uc11c \uc5b8(\u8a00)\uc740 \uc11c\uad6c \ubb38\uba85\uc5d0\uc11c\uc758 ‘\ubb38\uc790’\ucc98\ub7fc \uc601\ud63c\uc744 \ub2f4\uc9c0 \ubabb\ud55c \uc874\uc7ac\ub85c, \uac00\ubcc0\uc801\uc774\uba70 \ubbff\uc744 \uc218 \uc5c6\ub294 \uac83\uc73c\ub85c \uc778\uc2dd\ub418\uc5c8\ub2e4. \uc774\ub294 \uc0ac\ub78c\uc758 \uc601\ud63c\uc744 \uc721\uccb4\ub85c\ubd80\ud130 \ubd84\ub9ac\uc2dc\ud0a4\uae30 \uc704\ud574 \uc2dc\uc2e0\uc5d0 \uce7c\uc9d1\uc744 \ub0b8 \uac83\uc5d0\uc11c \uae30\uc6d0\ud55c\ub2e4\ub294\u00a0 \ubb38(\u6587) \uc790\uac00 \uc22d\uace0\ud55c \uc758\ubbf8\ub97c \uc9c0\ub2c8\ub294 \uae00\uc790\ub85c \uc0ac\uc6a9\ub418\uc5b4 \uc628 \uac83\uacfc \ub300\uc870\ub97c \uc774\ub8ec\ub2e4.<\/p>\n \uc774\ub807\uac8c \ubcf8\ub2e4\uba74 \uc5ed(\u6613)\uc774\ub098 \ubcc0(\u8b8a)\uc740 \ubb3c\ub860 \ubcc0\ud654\uc640 \uad00\ub828\ub41c \uae00\uc790\ub4e4\uc774 \ub300\ubd80\ubd84 \uc778\uac04\uc774\ub098 \uc601\ud63c\uacfc\ub294 \uad00\uacc4\ub418\uc9c0 \uc54a\uace0 \ub3c4\ub9c8\ubc40\uc774\ub098 \ud241\uc18c \ub4f1\uacfc \uac19\uc740 \uc0ac\ubb3c\uc758 \ud615\uc0c1\uacfc \ud2b9\uc131\uc5d0\uc11c \uae30\uc6d0\ud558\uc600\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub7f0 \uc758\ubbf8\uc5d0\uc11c ‘\ubcc0\ud558\ub2e4’\ub294 \ub73b\uc758 \uc601\uc5b4 ‘change’\uac00 \uad7d(\ud788)\ub2e4, \uc804\ud658\ud558\ub2e4 \ub4f1\uc5d0\uc11c \ucd9c\ubc1c\ud55c \uac83\uacfc\ub3c4 \ud070 \ucc28\uc774\ub97c \ubcf4\uc774\uc9c0 \uc54a\ub294\ub2e4.<\/p>\n \uc774\ucc98\ub7fc \uc5ed(\u6613)\uc758 \uc5b4\uc6d0\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \ud574\uc124\uc740 \uc5ec\ub7ff \uc788\uc9c0\ub9cc, \uadf8\ub798\ub3c4 \ub3c4\ub9c8\ubc40\uc744 \uadf8\ub838\ub2e4\ub294 \uc804\ud1b5\uc801\uc778 \ud574\uc124\uc774 \uc5ec\uc804\ud788 \ubcf4\ud3b8\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc218\uc6a9\ub418\uace0 \uc788\ub2e4. \ubcf4\ud638\ub97c \uc704\ud574 \uc27d\uac8c \uc790\uc2e0\uc758 \ubab8 \uc0c9\uae54\uc744 \ubc14\uafbc\ub2e4\ub294 \ub73b\uc5d0\uc11c ‘\ubc14\uafb8\ub2e4’\uc758 \ub73b\uc774, \ub2e4\uc2dc ‘\uc27d\ub2e4’\ub294 \uc758\ubbf8\uac00 \ub098\uc654\uc73c\uba70, \uc774\ud6c4 \uc758\ubbf8\uac00 \ub354 \uad6c\uccb4\ud654\ub41c \ucc99(\u8734: \uc798 \ubcc0\uc2e0\ud558\ub294 \ub3d9\ubb3c)\uc774 \ub9cc\ub4e4\uc5b4\uc84c\uc73c\uba70, \ub098\uc544\uac00 \uc11d(\u932b: \uc8fc\uc11d, \ud669\ub3d9\uc744 \uccad\ub3d9\uc73c\ub85c \ubc14\uafc8)\uc774\ub098 \uc0ac(\u8cdc: \ub2e4\ub978 \uc7ac\ud654\ub85c \ubc14\uafb8\uc5b4 \uc4f8 \uc218 \uc788\ub294 \ud654\ud3d0\ub97c \ud558\uc0ac\ud568)\ub098 \ucc99(\u60d5: \ubcc0\ud654\ub97c \ub450\ub824\uc6cc\ud558\ub294 \uc2ec\ub9ac)\uc774\ub098 \ucc99(\u5254: \uce7c\ub85c \ub3c4\ub824\ub0b4 \ubaa8\uc591\uc744 \ubc14\uafc8) \ub4f1\uc73c\ub85c \ubcc0\ud654\ub97c \ub0b4\ud3ec\ud55c \uc758\ubbf8\ub97c \uac00\uc9c4 \ub2e4\uc591\ud55c \uae00\uc790\ub4e4\uc774 \uc0dd\uaca8\ub0ac\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t 4. 4\ucc28 \uc0b0\uc5c5\ud601\uba85 \uc2dc\ub300\uc640 \ubcc0\ud654<\/strong><\/p>\n ‘\ubcc0\ud654\uc5d0 \uad00\ud55c \ucc45’\uc774\ub77c\ub294 ‘\uc5ed\uacbd(\u6613\u7d93)’\uc774 \uac16\ub294 \uc9c0\uc704\ucc98\ub7fc, \ucc9c\uc9c0\ub9cc\ubb3c\uc758 \ubcc0\ud654\ub294 \ubd88\ubcc0\uc758 \ub3c4(\u9053)\uc774\ub2e4. \uc774 \uc138\uc0c1\uc5d0 \ubcc0\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\ub294 \uac83\uc774 \uc788\ub358\uac00? \ub354\uad6c\ub098 \ubcc0\ud654\uac00 \uc0c1\uc0c1\ud560 \uc218 \uc5c6\ub294 \ube60\ub978 \uc18d\ub3c4\ub85c \uc9c4\ud589\ub418\ub294 \uc9c0\uae08\uc740 \uc7a0\uc2dc\ub77c\ub3c4 \uadf8 \uc790\ub9ac\uc5d0 \uba38\ubb3c\ub7ec \ubcc0\ud654\ud558\uc9c0 \ubabb\ud558\uba74 \uc21c\uc2dd\uac04\uc5d0 \ub3c4\ud0dc\ub418\uace0 \ubb34\uc6a9\uc758 \uc874\uc7ac\ub85c \uc804\ub77d\ud574\ubc84\ub9ac\ub294 \uadf8\ub7f0 \uc2dc\ub300\uc774\ub2e4.<\/p>\n \uc778\ub958 \ubb38\uba85\uc758 \uc5ed\uc0ac\ub97c \ubcf4\uba74, \uc0dd\uc874\uc744 \uc704\ud55c \uad00\uc2ec \uc601\uc5ed\uacfc \uac1c\ucc99\uc758 \ub300\uc0c1\ub3c4 \uc2dc\ub300\ub97c \ub2ec\ub9ac\ud558\uba70 \ub04a\uc784\uc5c6\uc774 \ubcc0\ud574\uc654\ub2e4. \ucc98\uc74c\uc5d0\ub294 \uc6b0\ub9ac\uac00 \ubc1c\uc744 \ub51b\uace0 \uc0ac\ub294 \uc774 \ub545, \uc989 \uc721\uc9c0\uac00 \uadf8 \uc8fc\ub41c \ub300\uc0c1\uc774\uc5c8\ub2e4. \uc721\uc9c0\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uac1c\ucc99\uacfc \uc815\ubcf5, \uadf8 \ud22c\uc7c1\uc0ac\uac00 \ubc14\ub85c \uc778\ub958\uc758 \uae30\ub098\uae34 \ud55c \uc5ed\uc0ac\ub97c \ucc28\uc9c0\ud588\uc5c8\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub7ec\ub2e4\uac00 \uc721\uc9c0\uc758 \ud55c\uacc4\ub97c \uc778\uc2dd\ud558\uace0 \ub2e4\ub978 \uc0c8\ub85c\uc6b4 \uc601\uc5ed\uc73c\ub85c\uc758 \ud655\uc7a5, \uc989 \ubc14\ub2e4\ub85c\uc758 \ud655\uc7a5\uc774 \ub610 \ub2e4\ub978 \ud55c \uc2dc\ub300\ub97c \uc774\ub04c\uc5c8\ub2e4. 15\uc138\uae30 \ub9d0 \ub300\ud56d\ud574 \uc2dc\ub300\ub97c \uc5f4\uc5c8\ub358 \uc11c\uad6c\uc758 \uc5ed\uc0ac\uac00 \uc774\uc758 \uc9c4\uc815\ud55c \uc2dc\ubc1c\uc774\uc5c8\uc744 \uac83\uc774\ub2e4. \ub2f9\uc2dc\uc5d0\ub294 \uc721\uc9c0\ubcf4\ub2e4 \ud6e8\uc52c \uc791\uace0 \uc881\uc740 \uc601\uc5ed\uc774\ub77c \uc0dd\uac01\ud588\ub358 \ud574\uc591\uc774\uc5c8\uc9c0\ub9cc, 5\ubc31\uc5ec \ub144\uc774 \uc9c0\ub09c \uc9c0\uae08\uc740 \ud574\uc591\uc758 \uac70\uc758 \ubaa8\ub4e0 \uac83\uc744 \uc18d\uc18d\ub4e4\uc774 \ud30c\ud5e4\uccd0 \ubaa8\ub974\ub294 \uac83\uc774 \uc5c6\uac8c \ub418\uc5c8\ub2e4. \ub610 \ud574\uc591\uc758 \uc601\uc5ed\uc740 \ubb3c\ub860 \ud574\uc591\uc5d0 \uc874\uc7ac\ud558\ub294 \uc790\uc6d0\uc758 \uc18c\uc720\uad8c\uae4c\uc9c0\ub3c4 \uac70\uc758 \uc815\ub9ac\ub41c \uc0c1\ud0dc\uc774\ub2e4. \uadf8 \uc601\uc5ed\uc758 \ud655\uc7a5\uc131\uc740 \uac70\uc758 \ud55c\uacc4\uc5d0 \ub2e4\ub2e4\ub790\ub2e4.<\/p>\n \uc774\uc81c \uc5b4\ub514\ub85c \ub098\uac08 \uac83\uc778\uac00? \uc5b4\ub514\ub85c \ud655\uc7a5\ud560 \uac83\uc778\uac00? \uadf8\uc911 \ud558\ub098\uac00 \ubc14\ub85c \uc774 \uc9c0\uad6c\ub97c \ubc97\uc5b4\ub09c \uc6b0\uc8fc\uc774\ub2e4. \uac00\uae4c\uc6b4 \ub2ec\ubd80\ud130 \ud654\uc131\uc744 \ube44\ub86f\ud55c \ud0dc\uc591\uacc4\uc758 \uc5ec\ub7ec \ud589\uc131\ub4e4, \ub098\uc544\uac00 \ub05d\ub3c4 \uc5c6\ub294, \uc0dd\uc131\uacfc \uc18c\uba78\uc758 \uc6d0\ub9ac\uc870\ucc28 \uc798 \uc54c\ub824\uc9c0\uc9c0 \uc54a\ub294 \uc800 \ubbf8\uc9c0\uc758 \uc6b0\uc8fc, \uadf8\uacf3\uc744 \ud0d0\ud5d8\ud558\uace0 \uac1c\ucc99\ud558\uba70 \uc9c0\ubc30\ud558\ub824\ub294 \uacbd\uc7c1\uc774 \uc2dc\uc791\ub418\uc5c8\ub2e4. \ub9c8\uce58 \ub300\ud56d\ud574 \uc2dc\ub300, \uc55e \ub2e4\ud22c\uc5b4 \ubbf8\uc9c0\uc758 \uc138\uacc4\ub97c \ud0d0\ud5d8\ud574 \uc7ac\ubd80\uc640 \uc81c\uad6d\uc744 \uc138\uc6e0\ub358 \uac83\ucc98\ub7fc, \uc81c\uad6d\uc744 \uafc8\uafb8\ub294 \ub300\uad6d\ub4e4\uc774 \uc774\uc758 \ud0d0\uc0ac\uc640 \uac1c\ubc1c\uc5d0 \uacbd\uc7c1\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ub6f0\uc5b4\ub4e0 \uac83\uc774\ub2e4.<\/p>\n \ub2e4\ub978 \ubc29\uc2dd\uc758 \ud655\uc7a5\uc740 \uc6b0\ub9ac\uac00 \uc0b4\uace0 \uc788\ub294 \uc774 \uc138\uc0c1 \uc548\uc5d0\uc11c\uc758 \uc0c8\ub85c\uc6b4 \uc601\uc5ed\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uac1c\ucc99\uc774\ub2e4. \uc989 4\ucc28 \uc0b0\uc5c5\ud601\uba85 \uc2dc\ub300\uc5d0 \ub300\ub450\ub418\ub294 \ub124\ud2b8\uc6cc\ud06c, \uc5f0\uacb0\ub9dd, \uad00\uacc4\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uc601\uc5ed\uc774\ub2e4. \uc0ac\ub78c\uacfc \uc0ac\ub78c\uc774 \uc5f0\uacb0\ub418\uc5c8\uace0, \uc0ac\ub78c\uacfc \uc0ac\ubb3c\uc774 \uc5f0\uacb0\ub418\uc5c8\uace0, \uc774\uc81c\ub294 \uc0ac\ubb3c\uacfc \uc0ac\ubb3c\uc774 \uc11c\ub85c \uc5f0\uacb0\ub418\ub294 \ucd08\uc5f0\uacb0\ub9dd\uc758 \uc2dc\ub300\uac00 \uc5f4\ub9b0 \uac83\uc774\ub2e4. \ud3ec\uc2a4\ud2b8 \ud734\uba3c(posthuman)\ub3c4 \uc815\ubcf4\ub098 \uae30\uae30\uc640 \uc5f0\uacb0\uc774 \ubc30\uc81c\ub41c \uc874\uc7ac\ub294 \uc774\ubbf8 \uc874\uc7ac\uac00 \uc544\ub2d8\uc744 \ucc9c\uba85\ud55c\ub2e4.<\/p>\n \uadf8\ub798\uc11c \uc81c\uad6d\uc758 \uc5ed\uc0ac\ub97c \ubcf4\uba74 \uc774\ub7ec\ud55c \ub2e8\uacc4\uc5d0\uc11c \ub204\uac00 \uba3c\uc800 \uc0c8\ub85c\uc6b4 \uc601\uc5ed\uc744 \uc55e\uc11c \uc810\ub839\ud558\ub290\ub0d0\uac00 \uc0c8\ub85c\uc6b4 \uc138\uacc4\uc758 \uc8fc\uc778\uc774 \ub418\uc5c8\ub2e4. \uc721\uc5ed(\u9678\u57df)\uc5d0\uc11c, \ud574\uc5ed(\u6d77\u57df)\uc73c\ub85c, \ub2e4\uc2dc \uc6b0\uc8fc\uc5ed(\u5b87\u5b99\u57df)\uc73c\ub85c, \uadf8\ub9ac\uace0 \uc5f0\uacb0\uc5ed(\u9023\u7d50\u57df)\uc73c\ub85c \ud655\uc7a5\ud558\uba74\uc11c \ub9d0\uc774\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t 5. \ud601\uba85\uc801, \ucc3d\uc758\uc801 \ubcc0\ud654<\/strong><\/p>\n 21\uc138\uae30\uac00 \ub41c \uc9c0\uae08, \uc6b0\uc8fc\ub97c \uc120\uc810\ud558\uace0 \uc5f0\uacb0\ub9dd\uc744 \uc9c0\ubc30\ud558\ub294 \uc790\uac00 \uc9c4\uc815\ud55c \uc81c\uad6d\uc774 \ub420 \uac83\uc774\ub77c \ubcf8\ub2e4. \uadf8 \uc5f0\uacb0\ub9dd\uc740 \ub370\uc774\ud130\uc758 \ucd95\uc801\uc774 \uad00\uac74\uc774\ub2e4. \uad6c\uae00\uc774\ub098 \uc544\ub9c8\uc874\uc774\ub098 \ud398\uc774\uc2a4\ubd81 \ub4f1\uc774 \uc774\ub7ec\ud55c \ub370\uc774\ud130\ub97c \uc218\uc9d1\ud558\uace0 \ucd95\uc801\ud558\uba70 \ubd84\uc11d\ud558\uace0 \ud65c\uc6a9\ud558\ub294\ub370 \uc0ac\ud65c\uc744 \uac78\uc5c8\uace0, \uc774 \uc2dc\ub300\ub97c DT(\ub370\uc774\ud130 \ud14c\ud06c\ub180\ub85c\uc9c0)\uc2dc\ub300\ub77c \ud558\ub294 \uac83\ub3c4 \uc774 \ub54c\ubb38\uc77c \uac83\uc774\ub2e4. \uc911\uad6d\ub3c4 \ubc14\uc774\ub450\ub098 \uc54c\ub9ac\ubc14\ubc14, \uc704\uccc7\uacfc \ud2f1\ud1a1 \ub4f1\uc744 \ud1b5\ud55c \ube45\ub370\uc774\ud130\uc758 \ucd95\uc801\uacfc \uc774\ub97c \ud1b5\ud55c \ubbf8\uc138\ud55c \uc5f0\uacb0\ub9dd\uc758 \uad6c\ucd95\uc744 \ud1b5\ud574, \uadfc\ub300 \uc774\ud6c4\uc758 \uce58\uc695\uc758 \uc5ed\uc0ac\ub97c \uc124\uc695\ud558\uace0 \uc0c8\ub85c\uc6b4 \uc81c\uad6d\uc774 \ub418\uae30 \uc704\ud574 \uc774 \ub300\uc5f4\uc5d0 \uc55e\uc7a5\uc11c\uace0 \uc788\ub2e4. \uc6b0\uc8fc\uc5ed\uc758 \uac1c\ucc99\uc740 1950\ub144\ub300 \uc774\ud6c4 \ub0c9\uc804\uc2dc\ub300\uc758 \ub450 \ucd95\uc774\uc5c8\ub358 \uad6c\uc18c\ub828\uacfc \ubbf8\uad6d\uc5d0 \uc758\ud574\uc11c \uc8fc\ub3c4\ub418\uc5c8\uc9c0\ub9cc \ucd5c\uadfc, \uc911\uad6d\ub3c4 ‘\uc6b0\uc8fc\uad74\uae30’\ub77c\ub294 \uc774\ub984\uc73c\ub85c \uc758 \uc6b0\uc8fc\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \ud0d0\ud5d8\uacfc \uc5f0\uad6c\ub97c \ubcf8\uaca9\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc2dc\uc791\ud588\ub2e4.<\/p>\n \uc774\uac19\uc740 \uac70\ub300 \ub2f4\ub860\uc744 \ud3ec\ud568\ud55c \uc2dc\uc7a5\uc758 \uae09\uaca9\ud55c \ubcc0\ud654\ub294 \ud328\ub7ec\ub2e4\uc784\uc758 \ube60\ub978 \ubcc0\ud654\ub97c \ubcf4\uc5ec\uc900\ub2e4. \uc624\ud504\ub77c\uc778 \uc2dc\uc7a5\uc5d0\uc11c \uc628\ub77c\uc778 \uc2dc\uc7a5\uc73c\ub85c\uc758 \ubcc0\ud654, \uc0dd\uc0b0\uc790 \uc911\uc2ec\uc758 \uc2dc\uc7a5\uc5d0\uc11c \uad6c\ub9e4\uc790 \uc911\uc2ec\uc758 \uc2dc\uc7a5, \uad50\uc721\uc790 \uc911\uc2ec\uc758 \uad50\uc721\uc5d0\uc11c \uc18c\ube44\uc790 \uc911\uc2ec\uc758 \uad50\uc721, \uac1c\uc778 \uc18c\uc720\uc5d0\uc11c \uacf5\uc720\ub85c\uc758 \ubcc0\ud654 \ub4f1 \ubcc0\ud654\ub294 \uc804\uba74\uc801\uc774\ub2e4. \ud3ed\ubc1c\uc801 \uc778\uae30\ub97c \uc5bb\uace0 \uc788\ub294 \uc720\ud29c\ube0c\ub9cc \ubcf4\uc544\ub3c4 \uae30\uc874\uc758 \ub300\ud615 \ubc29\uc1a1\uad6d\uc774\ub77c\ub294 \uc77c\ubc29\uc801 \ud1b5\uc2e0\uc5d0\uc11c \uac1c\uc778 \ubaa8\ub450\uac00 \ubc29\uc1a1\uad6d\uc774 \ub418\ub294 \uc0c1\ud638 \ud1b5\uc2e0\uc758 \uc2dc\ub300\ub85c \uc804\uc774\ud55c \uac83\uc744 \ub9d0\ud574\uc900\ub2e4. \uc544\uc774\ud2f0 \uae30\uc5c5\ub4e4\uc774 \ubaa8\ub4e0 \uc0b0\uc5c5\uc744 \uc120\ub3c4\ud558\uace0, \uacf5\uc720\uacbd\uc81c\uc640 \uc778\uacf5\uc9c0\ub2a5\uc774 \ubbf8\ub798 \uc0b0\uc5c5\uc758 \uc804\uba74\uc5d0 \uc62c\ub77c\uc654\uace0, \uc774\uc81c \uc774\ub4e4\uc740 \ub2e4\uc2dc \uba54\ud0c0\ubc84\uc2a4\ub77c\ub294 \uc0c8\ub85c\uc6b4 \uc138\uacc4\ub85c \uc62e\uaca8\uac00\uace0 \uc788\ub2e4. \ud398\uc774\uc2a4\ubd81\uc758 \uc0ac\uba85\uc744 \uba54\ud0c0\ub85c \uace0\uce5c \uac83\uc5d0\uc11c\ub3c4 \ubcfc \uc218 \uc788\ub4ef, \uc774\uc81c \uc778\ub958\ub294 \uc6b0\ub9ac\uac00 \ubcf4\uace0 \uacbd\ud5d8\ud558\ub294 \uc138\uacc4\ub97c \ub118\uc5b4\uc11c ‘\uac00\uc0c1\uacfc \ud604\uc2e4\uc774 \ud63c\uc7ac\ub41c \uc0c8\ub85c\uc6b4 \uc138\uacc4’\ub85c \ubcc0\ud654\ud558\uace0 \uc788\ub294 \uac83\uc774\ub2e4.<\/p>\n \uc774\ub7f0 \uc758\ubbf8\uc5d0\uc11c ‘\uc8fc\uc5ed’\uc5d0\uc11c \uc120\uc5b8\ud588\ub358 “\ubcc0\ud574\uc57c \uc601\uc6d0\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4”\ub77c\ub294 \ub9d0\uc740 \uadf8 \uc5b4\ub290 \ub54c\ubcf4\ub2e4 \uc720\ud6a8\ud558\ub2e4. \ubcc0\ud654\ub3c4 \ub2e8\uc21c\ud55c \ubcc0\ud654\uac00 \uc544\ub2c8\ub77c \ucc3d\uc758\uc801 \ubcc0\ud654\uac00 \ud544\uc694\ud558\ub2e4. \uadf8 \ub204\uad6c\ub3c4 \uc0dd\uac01\uc9c0 \ubabb\ud588\ub358, \ud601\uba85\uc801\uc778 \ucc3d\ubc1c\uc774 \ud544\uc694\ud55c \uac83\uc774\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub7ec\ub098 \uadf8\ub7ec\ud55c \ud601\uba85\uc801 \ucc3d\uc758\uc801 \ubcc0\ud654\uac00 \uadf8\ub0e5 \ud558\ub298\uc5d0\uc11c \ub5a8\uc5b4\uc9c0\ub294 \uac83\uc740 \uc544\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc5ec\uc804\ud788 \uc804\ud1b5, \uacfc\uac70\uc758 \uc5ed\uc0ac, \uc774\uc804\uc758 \uc9c0\ud61c\uc758 \ubc14\ud0d5 \uc704\uc5d0\uc11c \uc7ac\ud574\uc11d\ud560 \ub54c \uac00\ub2a5\ud558\ub2e4. \uc628\uace0\uc774\uc9c0\uc2e0(\u6eab\u6545\u800c\u77e5\u65b0), \uc61b \uac83\uc744 \ub370\uc6cc\uc11c \uc0c8\ub85c\uc6b4 \uac83\uc73c\ub85c \ub9cc\ub4e0\ub2e4\ub294 \ub3d9\uc591\uc758 \uace0\uc0ac\uac00 \uadf8\uac83\uc744 \uc6c5\ubcc0\ud574 \uc900\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\tYoungsam Ha RELATED POSTS<\/p>\n\tThe CLUMSY Plan In bibendum sollicitudin consectetur. Proin vel scelerisque libero. Nunc et tempor justo. Etiam accumsan volutpat nunc vestibulum iaculis. Sed placerat lacinia nisl id egestas. Fusce blandit sollicitudin massa, lacinia tempor mi posuere ac. Proin sagittis velit varius hendrerit luctus.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":321,"featured_media":36525,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"tpl-no-header-footer.php","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[158,168],"tags":[52],"class_list":["post-38447","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-writing","category-youngsam-ha","tag-youngsam-ha"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/clumsy.site\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/38447","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/clumsy.site\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/clumsy.site\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/clumsy.site\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/321"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/clumsy.site\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=38447"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/clumsy.site\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/38447\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":38948,"href":"https:\/\/clumsy.site\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/38447\/revisions\/38948"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/clumsy.site\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/36525"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/clumsy.site\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=38447"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/clumsy.site\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=38447"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/clumsy.site\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=38447"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}![\"King](\"https:\/\/clumsy.site\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/\u1109\u1173\u110f\u1173\u1105\u1175\u11ab\u1109\u1163\u11ba-2021-11-18-\u110b\u1169\u1112\u116e-2.19.00.png\" "\\"\u1109\u1173\u110f\u1173\u1105\u1175\u11ab\u1109\u1163\u11ba")
\n\t![](\"https:\/\/lh6.googleusercontent.com\/fLhbcdRf_wrSOEo3KN2IBTqSPDUez1siywGxdgg4hn-ed5s_UAK4hNP18jHQewfiKDaKdmUqLOIbDBuhpva-PDToBTU5G21i0yRDiX9R7HR-TKJdoLiNHQCffpGC4UUauLoYNOIw\")
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![\"\u5315,](\"https:\/\/clumsy.site\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/\u1107\u1175\u1109\u116e_\u1107\u1175.png\" "\\"\u1107\u1175\u1109\u116e_\u1107\u1175\\"")
\n\t![\"\u66f4,](\"https:\/\/clumsy.site\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/\u1100\u1169\u110e\u1175\u11af_\u1100\u1167\u11bc-1.jpeg\" "\\"\u1100\u1169\u110e\u1175\u11af_\u1100\u1167\u11bc")
\n\t![\"Hexagram,](\"https:\/\/clumsy.site\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/yi4same3.png\" "\\"yi4same3\\"")
\n\t![\"Shuowen](\"https:\/\/clumsy.site\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/nBnauMGN2AjZwQTYmFWY1IDMhhDM3MGNiFDN3IGNkF2M0EDZ1kDOjNzM4Q2LtVGdp9yYpB3LltWahJ2Lt92YuUHZpFmYuMmczdWbp9yL6MHc0RHa.png\" "\\"nBnauMGN2AjZwQTYmFWY1IDMhhDM3MGNiFDN3IGNkF2M0EDZ1kDOjNzM4Q2LtVGdp9yYpB3LltWahJ2Lt92YuUHZpFmYuMmczdWbp9yL6MHc0RHa\\"")
\n\t![\"\u76ca,](\"https:\/\/clumsy.site\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/\u76ca.png\" "\\"\u76ca\\"")
\n\t![\"I](\"https:\/\/clumsy.site\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/Bagua.svg.png\" "\\"Bagua.svg\\"")
\n\t![\"\u6539,](\"https:\/\/clumsy.site\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/\u1100\u1169\u110e\u1175\u11af\u1100\u1162.png\" "\\"\u1100\u1169\u110e\u1175\u11af\u1100\u1162\\"")
\n\t![\"\u7a74,](\"https:\/\/clumsy.site\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/\u1100\u116e\u1106\u1165\u11bc_\u1112\u1167\u11af.png\" "\\"\u1100\u116e\u1106\u1165\u11bc_\u1112\u1167\u11af\\"")
\n\t
\nProfessor at Kyungsung University
\nDirector of the Center for the Study of Chinese Characters in Korea\n\ud558\uc601\uc0bc
\n\uacbd\uc131\ub300\ud559\uad50 \uad50\uc218
\n\ud55c\uad6d \ud55c\uc790\uc5f0\uad6c\uc18c \uc18c\uc7a5\n\t\t\t\t![\"29737_16536_4516\"](\"https:\/\/clumsy.site\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/29737_16536_4516.jpg\" "\\"29737_16536_4516\\"")
\n\t
\nAddress : 4Fl. 199 Itaewon-ro (Itaewon-dong) Yongsan-gu, Seoul
\nInquiry : 02 – 723 – 2973, info@thomasparkgallery.com
\n\uc774\uc6a9\uc57d\uad00<\/a>\u00a0 \uc815\uae30\uacfc\uae08\uc774\uc6a9\uc57d\uad00<\/a> \u00a0\uac1c\uc778\uc815\ubcf4\ucde8\uae09\ubc29\uce68<\/a>\n\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"