{"id":38493,"date":"2022-04-01T08:05:36","date_gmt":"2022-03-31T23:05:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/clumsy.site\/en\/?p=38493"},"modified":"2022-10-28T09:46:13","modified_gmt":"2022-10-28T00:46:13","slug":"%e7%be%8ebeauty-a-liberating-force","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/clumsy.site\/en\/blog-%e7%be%8ebeauty-a-liberating-force\/","title":{"rendered":"\u7f8e(BEAUTY), A LIBERATING FORCE by Youngsam Ha"},"content":{"rendered":"\n\n\t\t\t\t\"Oracle-bone-records-sacrificial-offering-of-500-oxen-before-a-military-attack.-Ox-scapula-or-tortoise-plastron-Yinxu-site-Anyang-Henan-Province-China-late-Shang-dynasty-c1200-1050-BC\"\n\t\u7f8e(BEAUTY), A Liberating Force
\n\uad8c\ub825\uc758 \uc18d\ubc15\uc5d0\uc11c \ubc97\uc5b4\ub098\uac8c \ud558\ub294 \ud574\ubc29\uc758 \uac10\uc131, \u7f8e(\ubbf8)\n\tText by Youngsam Ha \ud558\uc601\uc0bc
\nTranslation by Clumsy \ud074\ub7fc\uc9c0\n\t
\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n

1.
The Chinese character for beauty, \u7f8e, is composed of two parts; ‘\u7f8a sheep’ and ‘\u5927 large or human.’ It has appeared since the oracle bone (\u7532\u9aa8\u6587) period and is one of the core Chinese characters that date back to the very early stage of the Chinese language. We can assume that this particular ideogram for beauty is made up of these two parts because they thought either that\u00a0 ‘fat and large (\u5927)\u00a0 sheep (\u7f8a)’ were useful, or that ‘a person (\u5927) wearing sheepskin (\u7f8a) and dancing’ at primitive festivals were beautiful.<\/p>\n

\u7f8a (Sheep) is a pictogram where curbed horns of a sheep can be “read.”\u00a0 Sheep was one of the earliest domesticated animals, along with horses, cattle, pigs, dogs, and chickens, and was particularly important to primitive people in the hunting stage. The meat and milk of sheep provided great nutrition; the hides were the best protection against the cold. Moreover, domesticated sheep lead a community life and have a gentle temperament, making them the perfect animal to raise as livestock for humans who have entered the era of settled agriculture. For this reason, the ancient Chinese have loved sheep, and most Chinese characters with sheep \u7f8a in them mean something good and benevolent. For example, in a character for goodness \u5584, which is the pursuit of morality, in beauty \u7f8e, which is the major issue in art (\u85dd\u8853), and in righteousness \u7fa9, which is often compared to the Western concept of truth (\u771e) and used to be the highest virtue in the East, sheep \u7f8a is included. All of them are the supreme elements of auspiciousness in life. Furthermore, as seen in the word “sacrificial lamb \u72a7\u7272\u7f8a”, the lamb was the most representative sacrifice used in ancestral rites to the gods. And if sheep \u7f8a is added with an altar \u793a, it becomes ‘auspiciousness \u7965.’ The sheep, the most precious livestock, were placed on the altar to reflect the sincere ancestral rite, and as if in return to such devotion, a revelation from God was regarded as an auspicious sign (\u5409\u5146). This is how the word ‘auspiciousness \u7965’ is formed.<\/p>\n

In the interpretation of beauty \u7f8e, the sheep part \u7f8a is pretty clear,\u00a0 but the reading of “large (\u5927) differed. Large (\u5927) originally meant ‘person’ standing with arms outstretched. As this is used to indicate ‘large’ while contrasting with a person \u4eba, which depicts the side of a person. So whether we take this letter as “large sheep” or “a person wearing sheepskin on the head,” both interpretations are not in contradiction.\u00a0 Large sheep are useful, so beautiful; the person covered in sheepskin at the center of the festival can be considered a ‘beautiful being (\u7f8e\u4eba).’ The one who wears sheepskin and adorned with sheep’s horns must have been an important figure like the chieftain in the tribe, and the festival venue that boasted such power must have been the beauty itself. The former found the origin of beauty in usefulness; the latter focused a bit more on aesthetics, if we need to differentiate. Primitive sorcery and festivals were associated with longing for a better life; the useful, the good, and the sacred would all be perceived as beautiful. On the other hand, anything that is harmful to humans would have been considered ugly, and this would have been the dividing point between beauty (\u7f8e) and ugliness (\u919c).<\/p>\n

‘Homo aestheticus’ means a human being who enjoys beauty. To that extent, ‘beauty’ is a universal attribute common to humans, not the exclusive property to any particular class. However, if we think of beauty (\u7f8e) that anyone can enjoy, it is neither simple nor easy. The idea of beauty differed depending on time, place and people. In the West, the word ‘aesthesis,’ the etymology of ‘aesthetics,’ refers to ‘perception by the senses, not by reason.’ To make things more complicated, it not only refers to the sensuous but also includes metaphysical ideas that go beyond the empirical senses.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\"From\n\t

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2.
Also in China, the concept of \u7f8e (beauty) has changed over time. The first etymological dictionary, Shuowen Jiezi (\u8aaa\u6587\u89e3\u5b57,\u00a0A.D. 100), interpreted beauty as \u7518 (sweetness). \u7518 (Sweetness) is a pictogram of something in the mouth; the meaning of sweetness originated from here. It demonstrates that the concept of ‘beauty’ had already moved away from ‘usefulness’ to ‘taste’ by the Han Dynasty when the Shuowen Jiezi was created. In other words, it shows the beauty (\u7f8e) that was embodied in the form of ‘large sheep’ that a powerful hero wears is no longer based on the guarantee of survival by simply being fed, but the prospect of enjoyment, the taste, that is the quality of food.<\/p>\n

Just as the idea of\u00a0\u7f8e (beauty)\u00a0has changed over time, so does the perception of sexiness. The character \u8276 which means exquisite sensual beauty is composed of abundance \u8c50 and color \u8272. Abundance \u8c50 refers to the abundant sacrifices offered to the gods; color \u8272 is a quality related to sexuality. The reason that sensual beauty \u8276 is a combination of these two letters is that in an agricultural society, production and fertility were important values. Since voluptuous women were the symbol of ‘beauty,’ the Tang Dynasty beauty, Yang Guifei, was portrayed as a chubby woman, not tall and slim, contrary to our imagination. On the other hand, paleness \u7626, meaning slim, was recognized as a kind of disease \u7592. Nevertheless, modern women put their life on the line to be skinny. In contemporary Chinese, the word ‘\u82d7\u6761 [\u82d7\u689d, mi\u00e1o\u2027tiao],’ which means a beautiful woman, refers to a slender body like a young bud \u82d7or branch \u6761=\u689d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\"\u8aaa\u6587\u89e3\u5b57,\n\t

3.
Since the concept of beauty is changing all the time, thus, confusing, is it not worth talking about or not reliable?\u00a0 As civilization developed, humans believed that ‘beauty’ should contain a noble concept. The Pythagoreans argued that beauty is “the objective law of nature explained in the formal structure of material objects.” In the case of Plato and Hegel, beauty was regarded as the embodiment of an idea or an absolute ideal described phenomenally. For this reason, in the era of a more developed civilization, the spirit of art was indicated in the character \u8a69 which means poetry rather than \u7f8e beauty. According to the Book of Odes, “the way the will goes” is called poetry. When the will stays in mind \u5fc3, it becomes aim (\u5fd7), and when it is recited and expressed in words, it becomes\u00a0\u8a69 (poetry). Poetry (\u8a69) was initially composed of word (\u8a00) and progress (\u4e4b) and meant the progress (\u4e4b) of words (\u8a00). Namely, it describes art made of words. Afterward, the composition changed into word (\u8a00) and court (\u5bfa), and it was believed that if words were managed according to the law, they became poetry (\u8a69). Therefore, the beauty of poetry (\u8a69) lies in embodying the laws of nature on the one hand; words representing will (truth) have become beauty.<\/p>\n

On the other hand, just as ‘art’ in the West means the art of making something,\u00a0\u85dd (art), which corresponds to this in the East, has that meaning. Of course,\u00a0\u85dd (art)\u00a0had the etymology of ‘planting crops,’ reflecting the technology-environment that would make it possible to survive in an agricultural society. However, by figuring it out holding a sapling (\u5c6e) rather than a grown tree, it made it clear that ‘art’ is not in the repetition of simple techniques and old customs but in giving birth to something new.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\"Beauty,\n\t

4.
Even Alexander G. Baumgarten, who significantly contributed to achieving the status of beauty as a science by defining it as “the highest thing recognized by the sensibility,” explained that beauty is a chaotic intellect, as opposed to explicit knowledge because it is based on changing sensibility. However, aesthetic judgment may not be because of confused intelligence but expresses the potential to perplex existing knowledge. We see flowers because they are beautiful, but we do not find them attractive due to their usefulness. Could the reason we stop and fall in love with the beauty of wildflowers on the side of the roads be that it is the moment when our senses are liberated from numerous desires and interests connected with capital and money that own us beyond our awareness in a capitalist society?<\/p>\n

Accordingly, Kant called beauty “an indifferent judgment freed from the form of the senses connected to the object of knowledge or the object of desire.” Isn’t the ability to change and create the world germinate from seeing and feeling things outside of these worldly interests? That is the power of beauty (\u7f8e). Two thousand five hundred years ago, Lao Tzu said, “The beauty that everyone in the world thinks is beautiful is not actually beauty. The ugliness that everyone in the world considers not beautiful is actually not ugliness.” In this context, the human sense of beauty contains the seed of liberation that frees us from all kinds of power that tame us.<\/p>\n

At the moment when a dandelion flower breaks through cracks of the city’s ruthless cement pavement and reveals itself in its most splendid feature, it ceases to be useless weeds, becomes this marvelous thing that catches our eyes and presents a sense of liberation and joy that free us from the bondage of capital and power for a moment. That is the essence of ‘beauty’; it is the point where you break free from terrestrial interests and nurture the ability to change and create.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\"Oracle\n\t

1.
\ud55c\uc790\uc5d0\uc11c \uc544\ub984\ub2e4\uc6c0\uc744 \ub73b\ud558\ub294 \u7f8e(\ubbf8)\ub294 \u7f8a(\uc591)\uacfc \u5927(\ub300)\ub85c \uc774\ub8e8\uc5b4\uc9c4 \uae00\uc790\ub2e4. \uac11\uace8\ubb38\uc2dc\ub300\ubd80\ud130 \ub4f1\uc7a5\ud558\ub2c8, \ucd08\uae30 \ub2e8\uacc4\uc5d0\uc11c\ubd80\ud130 \ub4f1\uc7a5\ud55c \ud575\uc2ec \ud55c\uc790\ub2e4. \uc774\uc758 \uc5b4\uc6d0\uc5d0 \ub300\ud574\uc11c\ub294 ‘\uc0b4\ucc0c\uace0 \ud070(\u5927) \uc591(\u7f8a)\uc774 \uc720\uc6a9\ud558\uae30’ \ub54c\ubb38\uc774\ub77c\ub294 \ud574\uc11d\ub3c4 \uc788\uace0, \uc6d0\uc2dc \ucd95\uc81c\uc5d0\uc11c ‘\uc591\uac00\uc8fd(\u7f8a)\uc744 \ub36e\uc5b4\uc4f0\uace0 \ucda4\ucd94\ub294 \uc0ac\ub78c(\u5927)’\uc744 \uc544\ub984\ub2e4\uc6b4 \uc874\uc7ac\ub85c \ubcf4\uc558\uae30 \ub54c\ubb38\uc774\ub77c\ub294 \ud480\uc774\ub3c4 \uc788\ub2e4.<\/p>\n

\u7f8a\uc740 ‘\uc591’\uc744 \uc0c1\uc9d5\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uadf8\ub9b0 \uae00\uc790\ub85c, \uace1\uc120 \ubaa8\uc591\uc758 \ubfd4\uc744 \ud2b9\uc9d5\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ud45c\ud604\ud588\ub2e4. \uc591\uc740 \ub9d0, \uc18c, \ub3fc\uc9c0, \uac1c, \ub2ed \ub4f1\uacfc \ud568\uaed8 6\ub300 \uac00\ucd95\uc758 \ud558\ub098\ub85c \uac00\uc7a5 \uc77c\ucc0d \uac00\ucd95\ud654\ub41c \ub3d9\ubb3c\uc758 \ud558\ub098\ub85c, \uc218\ub835 \ub2e8\uacc4\uc758 \uc6d0\uc2dc\uc778\ub4e4\uc5d0\uac8c \uc591\uc740 \ud2b9\ubcc4\ud788 \uc911\uc694\ud55c \uc874\uc7ac\uc600\ub2e4. \uc591\uc758 \uace0\uae30\uc640 \uc816\uc740 \uadf8\ub4e4\uc5d0\uac8c \uc591\uc2dd\uc744 \uc81c\uacf5\ud588\uc73c\uba70, \uac00\uc8fd\uc740 \ucd94\uc704\ub97c \ub9c9\ub294\ub370 \ucd5c\uc0c1\ud488\uc774\uc5c8\ub2e4. \ub354\uad70\ub2e4\ub098 \uac00\ucd95\ud654\ud55c \uc591\uc740 \uad70\uc9d1 \uc0dd\ud65c\uc744 \ud558\uace0 \uc131\uc9c8 \ub610\ud55c \uc628\uc21c\ud574 \uc815\ucc29 \ub18d\uacbd\uc2dc\ub300\uc5d0 \uc811\uc5b4\ub4e0 \uc778\uac04\uc758 \uc785\uc7a5\uc5d0\uc11c \uac00\ucd95\uc73c\ub85c \uae30\ub974\uae30\uc5d0 \ub354\ud560 \ub098\uc704 \uc5c6\uc774 \uc801\ud569\ud55c \ub3d9\ubb3c\uc774\uc5c8\uae30 \ub54c\ubb38\uc774\uc5c8\ub2e4. \uc774\ub7f0 \uc774\uc720\ub85c \uc591\uc740 \uc77c\ucc0d\ubd80\ud130 \uc911\uad6d\uc778\ub4e4\uc758 \uc0ac\ub791\uc744 \ubc1b\uc544 \uc654\ub2e4. \uc774 \ub54c\ubb38\uc5d0 \ud55c\uc790\uc5d0\uc11c \u7f8a\uc774 \ub4e4\uc5b4\uac04 \uae00\uc790\ub294 \ub300\ubd80\ubd84 \ub300\ub2e8\ud788 \uc88b\uc740 \uc758\ubbf8\ub85c \uc4f0\uc778\ub2e4. \uc608\ucee8\ub300 \ub3c4\ub355(\u9053\u5fb7)\uc758 \uc9c0\ud5a5\uc810\uc778 \u5584(\uc120)\uc5d0\ub3c4, \uc608\uc220(\u85dd\u8853)\uc758 \uacfc\uc81c\uc778 \u7f8e(\ubbf8)\uc5d0\ub3c4, \uc11c\uad6c\uc758 \uc9c4(\u771e)\uc5d0 \ube44\uacac\ub418\uba70 \ub3d9\uc591 \ucd5c\uace0\uc758 \ub355\ubaa9\uc73c\ub85c \ud3c9\uac00\ubc1b\uc558\ub358 \u7fa9(\uc758)\uc5d0\ub3c4 \u7f8a(\uc591)\uc774 \ub4e4\uc5b4 \uc788\ub2e4. \ubaa8\ub450\uac00 \uae38\uc0c1(\u5409\u7965)\uc758 \ucd5c\uace0 \uc0c1\uc9d5\uc5b4\ub4e4\uc774\ub2e4. \ub610 \ud76c\uc0dd\uc591(\u72a7\u7272\u7f8a)\uc774\ub77c\ub294 \ub9d0\uc5d0\uc11c \ubcf4\ub4ef, \uc591\uc740 \uc2e0\uc5d0\uac8c \uc9c0\ub0b4\ub294 \uc81c\uc0ac \ub54c \uc4f0\ub294 \uac00\uc7a5 \ub300\ud45c\uc801\uc778 \uc81c\ubb3c\uc774\uc5c8\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub9ac\uace0 \u7f8a(\uc591)\uc5d0 \uc81c\ub2e8\uc744 \ub73b\ud558\ub294 \u793a(\uc2dc)\uac00 \ub354\ud574\uc9c0\uba74 ‘\uc0c1\uc11c\ub86d\ub2e4’\ub294 \ub73b\uc758 \u7965(\uc0c1)\uc774 \ub41c\ub2e4. \uac00\uc7a5 \uc18c\uc911\ud55c \uac00\ucd95\uc778 \uc591\uc744 \uc81c\ub2e8\uc5d0 \uc62c\ub824 \uc815\uc131\uc2a4\ub808 \uc81c\uc0ac\ub97c \uc9c0\ub0b4\ub294 \ubaa8\uc2b5\uc744 \ubc18\uc601\ud588\uace0, \uc774\ub7ec\ud55c \uc815\uc131\uc5d0 \ubcf4\ub2f5\uc774\ub77c\ub3c4 \ud558\ub824\ub294 \ub4ef \uc2e0\uc774 \ub0b4\ub824\uc8fc\ub294 \uacc4\uc2dc\ub97c \uae38\uc870(\u5409\u5146)\ub85c \uc5ec\uacbc\uace0, \uc774\ub85c\ubd80\ud130 ‘\uc0c1\uc11c\ub86d\ub2e4’\ub294 \ub73b\uc774 \uc0dd\uacbc\ub2e4.<\/p>\n

\uc5ec\ud558\ud2bc \u7f8e(\ubbf8)\uc758 \ud574\uc11d\uc5d0\uc11c \uc774\ub7ec\ud55c \uc0c1\uc9d5\uc744 \uac00\uc9c4 \u7f8a(\uc591)\uc5d0 \ub300\ud574\uc120 \uc774\uacac\uc774 \uc5c6\uc5c8\uc9c0\ub9cc, \u5927(\ub300)\uc5d0\uc11c \ud574\uc11d\uc774 \uac08\ub838\ub2e4. \u5927(\ub300)\ub294 \uc6d0\ub798 \uc591\ud314\uc744 \ubc8c\ub9ac\uace0 \uc120 \uc0ac\ub78c\uc758 \ubaa8\uc2b5\uc744 \uadf8\ub9b0 \uac83\uc73c\ub85c, ‘\uc0ac\ub78c’\uc774 \uc6d0\ub798 \ub73b\uc774\ub2e4. \uc774\uac83\uc774 \uce21\uba74\uc758 \ubaa8\uc2b5\uc744 \uadf8\ub9b0 \u4eba(\uc778)\uacfc \ub300\ube44\ub418\uba74\uc11c ‘\ud06c\ub2e4’\ub294 \ub73b\uc73c\ub85c \uc4f0\uc600\uc73c\ub2c8, ‘\ud070 \uc591’\uc774\ub098 ‘\uc591\uc758 \uac00\uc8fd\uc744 \uc4f4 \uc0ac\ub78c’, \ubaa8\ub450 \uac00\ub2a5\ud55c \ud574\uc11d\uc774\ub2e4. \uccab \ubc88\uc9f8 \ud574\uc11d\uc740 \ub2f9\uc2dc \uc591\uace0\uae30\uc640 \uc591\uc758 \uc816\uc740 \uae34\uc694\ud55c \uc2dd\ub7c9\uc774\uace0 \uac00\uc8fd\uacfc \ud138\uc740 \uc911\uc694\ud55c \uc637\uc73c\ub85c \uc4f0\uc600\uc73c\ub2c8, \uc544\ub984\ub2e4\uc6c0\uc758 \uadfc\uc6d0\uc774 \uc720\uc6a9\uc131\uc5d0 \ub454 \uac83\uc774\ub77c \ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4. \ub450 \ubc88\uc9f8 \ud574\uc11d, \uc989 \ucd95\uc81c\uc758 \uc911\uc2ec\uc5d0\uc11c \uc591\uac00\uc8fd\uc744 \ub36e\uc5b4\uc4f4 \uc0ac\ub78c\uc774\ub77c\uba74 \uc591\uc744 \uc7a1\uc744 \uc218 \uc788\ub294 \uc874\uc7ac, \uadf8 \uc0ac\ub78c\uc774 \ubc14\ub85c \uc544\ub984\ub2e4\uc6b4 \uc0ac\ub78c, ‘\u7f8e\u4eba(\ubbf8\uc778)’\uc774\uc5c8\ub2e4. \uc591\uc744 \uc7a1\uc744 \uc218 \uc788\ub294 \ub2a5\ub825\uc744 \uac00\uc9c4, \uc871\uc7a5 \uac19\uc740 \uc0ac\ub78c\uc774 \uc591\uac00\uc8fd\uc744 \uc4f0\uace0 \uc591\ubfd4\ub85c \uc7a5\uc2dd\ud558\uace0 \uc790\uc2e0\uc758 \ud798\uc744 \ubf50\ub0b4\ub294 \ucd95\uc81c\uc758 \uc7a5 \ub610\ud55c \uc544\ub984\ub2e4\uc6c0 \uc790\uccb4\uc600\uc744 \uac83\uc774\ub2e4.\u00a0 \uc804\uc790\ub294 \ubbf8\uc758 \ucd9c\ubc1c\uc744 \uc720\uc6a9\uc131\uc5d0\uc11c \ucc3e\uc558\uace0, \ud6c4\uc790\ub294 \uc2ec\ubbf8\uc131\uc5d0 \ucd08\uc810\uc744 \ub450\uc5b4 \ud574\uc11d\ud588\uc744 \ubfd0\uc774\uace0 \uc774 \ub450 \ud574\uc11d\uc774 \ub300\ub9bd\ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc740 \uacb0\ucf54 \uc544\ub2c8\ub2e4. \u5927(\ub300)\uac00 \uac16\ub294 \uace0\ub300 \uc911\uad6d\uc5d0\uc11c\uc758 \uc758\ubbf8\ub97c \uac10\uc548\ud560 \ub54c, \uc5b4\uc6d0\uc801\uc73c\ub85c\ub294 \ub450 \ubc88\uc9f8 \ud574\uc11d\uc774 \uccab\ubc88\uc9f8\ubcf4\ub2e4 \uac00\uae4c\uc6cc\ubcf4\uc778\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub7ec\ub098 \uc6d0\uc2dc\uc2dc\ub300\uc758 \uc8fc\uc220\uc774\ub098 \ucd95\uc81c\ub294 \ub354 \ub098\uc740 \uc0b6\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uac08\ub9dd\uacfc \uc5f0\uacb0\ub418\uc5c8\uae30\uc5d0 \uc720\uc6a9\ud55c \uac83, \uc120\ud55c \uac83, \uc2e0\uc131\ud55c \uac83\uc774 \ub2e4 \uac19\uc774 \uc544\ub984\ub2e4\uc6b4 \uac83\uc73c\ub85c \uac04\uc8fc\ub418\uc5c8\uc744 \uac83\uc774\ub2e4. \uc774\uc5d0 \ubc18\ud574 \uc778\uac04\uc5d0\uac8c \uc704\ud611\uc801\uc774\uace0 \ud574\ub85c\uc6b4 \uac83\uc740 \ucd94\ud55c \uac83\uc73c\ub85c \uc5ec\uaca8\uc84c\uc744 \uac83\uc774\ub2e4. \uc774\uac83\uc774 \ubbf8(\u7f8e)\uc640 \ucd94(\u919c)\uc758 \uad6c\ubd84\uc810\uc774 \ub418\uc5c8\uc744 \uac83\uc774\ub2e4.<\/p>\n

‘\ud638\ubaa8 \uc5d0\uc2a4\ud14c\ud2f0\ucfe0\uc2a4(homo aestheticus)’, \ubbf8\ub97c \uc990\uae30\ub294 \uc778\uac04\uc774\ub77c\ub294 \ub73b\uc774\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub9cc\ud07c ‘\uc544\ub984\ub2e4\uc6c0’\uc740 \uc778\uac04 \uacf5\ud1b5\uc758 \ubcf4\ud3b8\uc801 \uc18d\uc131\uc774\uc9c0 \uc5b4\ub5a4 \ud2b9\uc815 \uacc4\uce35\uc758 \uc804\uc720\ubb3c\uc740 \uc544\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub7ec\ub098 \ub9c9\uc0c1 \uc778\uac04 \ub204\uad6c\ub098 \ud5a5\uc720\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub294 \ubbf8(\u7f8e)\uac00 \ubb34\uc5c7\uc778\uc9c0\ub97c \ubb3b\ub294\ub2e4\uba74 \uadf8\uac83\uc740 \uadf8\ub9ac \uac04\ub2e8\ud558\uc9c0\ub3c4 \uc27d\uc9c0\ub3c4 \uc54a\ub2e4. \ubbf8\uc5d0 \uad00\ud55c \ud559\ubb38\uc778 ‘\ubbf8\ud559’\uc5d0\uc11c\ub3c4 \ubbf8\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uc815\uc758\uac00 \uc2dc\ub300\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c \ub2e4\ub974\uace0, \uc774\ub860\uac00\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c \ub2ec\ub790\ub2e4. ‘\uc544\ub984\ub2e4\uc6c0’\ub3c4 \uc0ac\ub78c\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c \ub2e4\ub974\uac8c \ub290\uaf08\ub2e4. \uc11c\uc591\uc5d0\uc11c \ub9d0\ud558\ub294 ‘\ubbf8\ud559 aesthetics’\uc758 \uc5b4\uc6d0\uc778 ‘\uc544\uc774\uc2a4\ud14c\uc2dc\uc2a4 aisthesis’\ub294 ‘\uc774\uc131\uacfc\ub294 \ub2e4\ub978 \uac10\uac01\uc801\uc778 \uac83’\uc744 \ub9d0\ud55c\ub2e4. \ud558\uc9c0\ub9cc \ubbf8\ud559\uc774\ub77c \ud558\uba74, \ub300\ubd80\ubd84 ‘\uac10\uac01\uc801\uc778 \uac83\ub9cc\uc744 \uc9c0\uce6d\ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc774 \uc544\ub2c8\ub77c \uacbd\ud5d8\uc801 \uac10\uac01\uc744 \ub118\uc5b4\uc11c\ub294 \ud615\uc774\uc0c1\ud559\uc801\uc778 \uad00\ub150\uc774\ub098 \uacbd\ud5d8\uc801 \uac10\uac01 \uc544\ub798\uc5d0 \uae4a\uc219\uc774 \uae54\ub824\uc788\ub294 \uc624\ub798\ub41c \ubb34\uc758\uc2dd\uae4c\uc9c0 \ud3ec\ud568’\ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc744 \ubcf4\uba74 ‘\uc544\ub984\ub2e4\uc6c0’\uc740 \uadf8\ub9ac \ub2e8\uc21c\ud55c \uac1c\ub150\uc774 \uc544\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\"\"\n\t\t\t\t\"\"\n\t\t\t\t\"\"\n\t2.
\n\uc911\uad6d\uc5d0\uc11c\ub3c4 \u7f8e(\ubbf8)\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \ud574\uc11d\uc740 \uc2dc\ub300\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c \ub2ec\ub77c\uc84c\ub2e4. \ucd5c\ucd08\uc758 \uc5b4\uc6d0\uc0ac\uc804\uc778 \uc124\ubb38\ud574\uc790(\u8aaa\u6587\u89e3\u5b57, A.D. 100)\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \u7f8e(\ubbf8)\ub97c \ub450\uace0 \u7518(\uac10)\uc774\ub77c\uace0 \ud480\uc774\ud588\ub294\ub370, \uc774\ub294 \uc774\ucc44\ub85c\uc6b4 \ud574\uc11d\uc774\ub2e4. \uc785\uc18d\uc5d0 \ub9db\uc788\ub294 \ubb34\uc5b8\uac00\uac00 \ub4e0 \ubaa8\uc2b5\uc744 \uadf8\ub9b0 \uac83\uc774 \u7518(\uac10)\uc774\uace0, \uc774\ub85c\ubd80\ud130 \ub2ec\ub2e4\ub294 \ub73b\uc774 \ub098\uc654\ub2e4. \uc124\ubb38\ud574\uc790\uac00 \ub9cc\ub4e4\uc5b4\uc84c\ub358 \ud55c\ub098\ub77c \ub54c\uc5d0 \uc774\ub974\uba74 ‘\uc544\ub984\ub2e4\uc6c0’\uc758 \uac1c\ub150\uc774 \uc774\ubbf8 ‘\uc591\uac00\uc8fd\uc744 \ub36e\uc5b4\uc4f4 \uc0ac\ub78c’\uc774\ub098 ‘\ud070 \uc591’\uc758 \uc2e4\uc6a9\uc801 \uc758\ubbf8\ub97c \ubc97\uc5b4\ub098 ‘\ub9db’\uc774\ub77c\ub294 \ubbf8\uac01\uc73c\ub85c \uc62e\uaca8\uac14\uc74c\uc744 \ubcf4\uc5ec\uc900\ub2e4. \uc989 \uc6d0\uc2dc\uc218\ub835\uc2dc\ub300 \uc790\uc2e0\ub4e4\uc758 \uc0dd\uc874\uc744 \ub2f4\ubcf4\ud574 \uc904 \uc218 \uc788\uc5c8\ub358 \ud798 \uc13c \uc601\uc6c5\uc774 \uc81c\uacf5\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub294 ‘\uc0b4\ucc10 \uc591’\uc744 \ubc18\uc601\ud55c \ubbf8(\u7f8e)\uac00 \ub354 \uc774\uc0c1 \uc0dd\uc874\uc744 \uc704\ud55c \uc2dd\ub7c9 \uc790\uccb4\ub97c \uc0c1\uc9d5\ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc774 \uc544\ub2c8\ub77c, ‘\ub9db’ \uc989 \uc74c\uc2dd\uc758 \uc9c8\ub85c \uadf8 \ud5a5\uc720\uc758 \ub300\uc0c1\uc774 \ubc14\ub00c\uc5b4 \uac00\uace0 \uc788\uc74c\uc744 \ubcf4\uc5ec\uc900\ub2e4. \uadf8\uac83\uc740 \ub18d\uacbd\uc0ac\ud68c\uc758 \uc815\ucc29\uacfc \ubc1c\ub2ec\uc744 \uac70\uce58\uba74\uc11c \uc5c4\uccad\ub09c \uc2dd\ub7c9\ud601\uba85\uc744 \uc774\ub8ec \ub355\ud0dd\uc774\uc5c8\uc744 \uac83\uc774\ub2e4. \uc2dc\ub300\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c ‘\uc544\ub984\ub2e4\uc6c0’\uc758 \uad00\uc810\uc740 \ubcc0\ud55c\ub2e4.\n

\u7f8e(\ubbf8)\uc758 \uc758\ubbf8\uac00 \uc720\uc6a9\ud568\uc5d0\uc11c \ub9db\uc774\ub77c\ub294 \uc9c8\ub85c \ubcc0\ud588\ub4ef, \ud48d\ub9cc\ud568\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uc778\uc2dd\ub3c4 \uc2dc\ub300\ub97c \ub530\ub77c \ubcc0\ud588\ub2e4. ‘\uc694\uc5fc\ud568’\uc744 \ub73b\ud558\ub294 \u8276 (\uc5fc) \uc740 \u8c4a(\ud48d)\uacfc \u8272(\uc0c9)\uc73c\ub85c \uad6c\uc131\ub418\uc5c8\ub294\ub370, \u8c50\uc740 \uc2e0\uc744 \ubaa8\uc2dc\ub294 \uc81c\uc0ac\uc5d0 \ub4dc\ub9ac\ub294 \ud48d\uc131\ud55c \uc81c\uc218\ub97c \ub9d0\ud558\uace0, \u8272\uc740 \uc131\ud589\uc704\uc640 \uad00\ub828\ub41c \uae00\uc790\ub2e4. \uc774 \ub458\uc774 \uacb0\ud569\ud55c \u8276(\uc5fc)\uc774 \uc5ec\uc131 \ucd5c\uace0\uc758 \uc544\ub984\ub2e4\uc6c0\uc744 \ud45c\ud604\ud558\ub294 \ub2e8\uc5b4\uac00 \ub41c \uac83\uc740 \uc0dd\uc0b0\uacfc \ub2e4\uc0b0\uc774 \ubbf8\ub355\uc774\uc5c8\ub358 \ub18d\uacbd\uc0ac\ud68c\ub77c\ub294 \ubc30\uacbd \ub54c\ubb38\uc774\ub2e4. \uac70\uae30\uc11c\ub294 \ud48d\ub9cc\ud55c \uc5ec\uc131\uc774 ‘\uc544\ub984\ub2e4\uc6c0’\uc758 \uc0c1\uc9d5\uc774\uc5c8\uae30 \ub54c\ubb38\uc774\ub2e4. \ub2f9\ub098\ub77c \ubbf8\uc778 \uc591\uadc0\ube44\ub3c4 \uc6b0\ub9ac\uc758 \uc0c1\uc0c1\uacfc\ub294 \ub2ec\ub9ac \ud0a4\ub3c4 \ud06c\uc9c0 \uc54a\uace0 \ub0a0\uc52c\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc740 \ud241\ud241\ud55c \uc5ec\uc778 \uadf8 \uc790\uccb4\ub85c \uadf8\ub824\uc9c4 \uac83\ub3c4 \ubc14\ub85c \uc774 \ub54c\ubb38\uc774\ub2e4. \uc774\uc5d0 \ubc18\ud574 \ub0a0\uc52c\ud568\uc744 \ub73b\ud558\ub294 \u7626(\ud30c\ub9ac\ud560 \uc218)\ub294 \ubcd1(\u7592)\uc758 \uc77c\uc885\uc73c\ub85c \uc778\uc2dd\ub418\uc5c8\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub7fc\uc5d0\ub3c4 \ud604\ub300 \uc5ec\uc131\ub4e4\uc740 \ub0a0\uc52c\ud574\uc9c0\ub294 \uac83\uc744 \ubaa9\uc228\ucc98\ub7fc \uc544\ub080\ub2e4. \ud604\ub300 \uc911\uad6d\uc5b4\uc5d0\uc11c \uc544\ub984\ub2e4\uc6b4 \uc5ec\uc131\uc744 \ud45c\ud604\ud558\ub294 ‘\u82d7\u6761[\u82d7\u689d, mi\u00e1o\u2027tiao]’\ub294 \u82d7(\uc5b4\ub9b0 \uc2f9 \ubb18)\uc774\ub098 \u6761=\u689d(\ub098\ubb47\uac00\uc9c0 \uc870)\ucc98\ub7fc \ud638\ub9ac \ub0ad\ucc3d\ud55c \uc2e0\uccb4\uc640 \uadf8\ub7f0 \uac00\ub298\uace0 \ub298\uc52c\ud55c \ubab8\ub9e4\ub97c \ub9d0\ud55c\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\"\u8a31\u613c,\n\t\t\t\t\"\u8aaa\u6587\u89e3\u5b57,\n\t

3.
\uadf8\ub807\ub2e4\uba74, \uc815\ub9d0 ‘\ubbf8’\uac00 \uc2dc\ub300\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c\uc11c \ubcc0\ud654\ud558\uae30 \ub54c\ubb38\uc5d0 \ud63c\ub780\uc2a4\ub7ec\uc6b4 \uac83\uc774\uba70, \uadf8\ub798\uc11c \ubbff\uc744 \uc218 \uc5c6\ub294 \uac83\uc77c\uae4c? \ubb38\uba85\uc774 \ubc1c\ub2ec\ud558\uba74\uc11c, \uc778\uac04\uc740 ‘\uc544\ub984\ub2e4\uc6c0’\uc740 \uc880 \ub354 \uace0\ucc28\uc6d0\uc801\uc778 \uad00\ub150\uc744 \ub2f4\uace0 \uc788\uc5b4\uc57c \ud55c\ub2e4\uace0 \uc0dd\uac01\ud588\ub2e4. \ud53c\ud0c0\uace0\ub77c\uc2a4\ud559\ud30c\ub294 \ubbf8\uac00 “\ubb3c\uc9c8\uc801\uc778 \ub300\uc0c1\uc758 \ud615\uc2dd \uad6c\uc870 \uc18d\uc5d0 \ud45c\ud604\ub418\ub294 \uc790\uc5f0\uc758 \uac1d\uad00\uc801\uc778 \ubc95\uce59”\uc774\ub77c\uace0 \uc8fc\uc7a5\ud588\uace0, \ud50c\ub77c\ud1a4\uc774\ub098 \ud5e4\uac94\uc758 \uacbd\uc6b0\ub294 \ubbf8\ub97c \uc774\ub370\uc544\uc758 \ud604\ud604\uc774\ub098 \uc808\ub300\uc801 \uc774\ub150\uc774 \ud604\uc0c1\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ud45c\ud604\ub41c \uac83\uc774\ub77c\uace0 \ubcf4\uc558\ub2e4.\u00a0\u00a0\uc774 \ub54c\ubb38\uc5d0 \ubb38\uba85\uc774 \uc880 \ub354 \ubc1c\ub2ec\ud55c \uc2dc\ub300\uc5d0\uc11c \uc608\uc220\uc758 \uc815\uc2e0\uc740 \u7f8e(\ubbf8)\ubcf4\ub2e4\ub294 \u8a69(\uc2dc)\ub85c \ud45c\ud604\ub418\uc5c8\ub2e4. \uc2dc\uacbd(\u8a69\u7d93)\uc5d0 \uc758\ud558\uba74 “\ub73b\uc774 \ub098\uc544\uac00\ub294 \ubc14”, \uadf8\uac83\uc774 \ubc14\ub85c \u8a69(\uc2dc)\ub77c\uace0 \ud588\ub2e4. \ub73b\uc774 \u5fc3(\ub9c8\uc74c \uc2ec)\uc5d0 \uba38\ubb3c\uac8c \ub418\uba74 \u5fd7(\ub73b \uc9c0)\uac00 \ub418\uace0, \ub73b\uc744 \ub9d0\ub85c \uc74a\uc5b4 \ud45c\ud604\ud558\uba74 \u8a69(\uc2dc)\uac00 \ub41c\ub2e4. \u8a69(\uc2dc)\ub294 \uc6d0\ub798 \u8a00(\ub9d0\uc500 \uc5b8)\uacfc \u4e4b(\uac08 \uc9c0)\ub85c \uad6c\uc131\ub418\uc5b4 ‘\ub9d0\uc758 \ub098\uc544\uac10’, \uc989 \ub9d0\ub85c \uc774\ub8e8\uc5b4\uc9c0\ub294 \uc608\uc220\uc744 \uc758\ubbf8\ud588\uc73c\ub098, \uc774\ud6c4 \uadf8 \uad6c\uc131\uc774 \u8a00(\ub9d0\uc500 \uc5b8)\uacfc \u5bfa(\uad00\uc544 \uc0ac)\ub85c \ubcc0\ud558\uba74\uc11c, \ub9d0(\u8a00)\uc744 \ubc95\ub3c4\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c\uc11c \uad00\ub9ac\ud558\uac8c \ub418\uba74(\u5bfa) \uc2dc(\u8a69)\uac00 \ub41c\ub2e4\uace0 \ubcf4\uc558\ub2e4. \ub530\ub77c\uc11c \uc2dc(\u8a69)\uc758 \uc544\ub984\ub2e4\uc6c0\uc740 \ud55c\ud3b8\uc5d0\uc120 \uc790\uc5f0\uc758 \ubc95\uce59\uc744 \uad6c\ud604\ud55c \uac83\uc5d0 \uc788\uc73c\uba70, \ub2e4\ub978 \ud55c\ud3b8\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \ub73b(\uc9c4\ub9ac)\uc774 \ud45c\ud604\ub41c \ub9d0\uc774\uae30\uc5d0 \uc544\ub984\ub2e4\uc6b4 \uac83\uc774 \ub418\uc5c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n

\ud55c\ud3b8, \uc11c\uc591\uc758 ‘art’\uac00 \ubb34\uc5c7\uc778\uac00\ub97c \ub9cc\ub4dc\ub294 \uae30\uc220\uc774\ub77c\ub294 \ub73b\uc774\ub4ef\uc774, \ub3d9\uc591\uc5d0\uc11c\ub3c4 \uc774\uc5d0 \ud574\ub2f9\ud558\ub294 \u85dd(\uc608)\uac00 \uadf8\ub7f0 \ub73b\uc744 \ub2f4\uc558\ub2e4. \ubb3c\ub860 \u85dd(\uc608)\uac00 ‘\ub18d\uc791\ubb3c\uc744 \uc2ec\ub2e4’\ub294 \uc5b4\uc6d0\uc744 \uac00\uc838 \ub18d\uacbd\uc0ac\ud68c\uc5d0\uc11c \uc0dd\uc874\ud558\uac8c \ud560 \uae30\uc220\uc774\ub77c\ub294 \ud658\uacbd\uc744 \ubc18\uc601\ud588\uc9c0\ub9cc, \uadf8\uac83\uc774 \ub2e4 \uc790\ub780 \ub098\ubb34\uac00 \uc544\ub2c8\ub77c \ubb18\ubaa9(\ufa3c)\uc744 \uc950\uace0 \uc788\ub294 \ubaa8\uc2b5\uc744 \ud615\uc0c1\ud654\ud558\uc5ec, ‘\uc608\uc220’\uc774 \ub2e8\uc21c\ud55c \uae30\uc220\uacfc \uc624\ub798\ub418\uace0 \ud654\uc11d\ud654\ub41c \uad00\uc2b5\uc758 \ubc18\ubcf5\uc774 \uc544\ub2c8\ub77c \uc0c8\ub85c\uc6b4 \uac83\uc744 \ucc3d\uc870\ud568\uc5d0 \uc788\uc74c\uc744 \ub73b\ud588\ub2e4 .<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\"\"\n\t\t\t\t\"\"\n\t

4.
\ubbf8\ub97c “\uac10\uc131\uc5d0 \uc758\ud574 \uc778\uc2dd\ub418\ub294 \ucd5c\uace0\uc758 \uac83”\uc73c\ub85c \uc815\uc758\ud558\uc5ec, \ubbf8\uac00 \ud559\ubb38\uc73c\ub85c\uc11c\uc758 \uc704\uc0c1\uc744 \uc5bb\uac8c \ud558\ub294\ub370 \ud06c\uac8c \uacf5\ud5cc\ud55c \ubc14\uc6c0\uac00\ub974\ud150(Alexander G. Baumgarten)\uc870\ucc28\ub3c4 \ubbf8\uac00 \ubcc0\ud654\ud558\ub294 \uac10\uc131\uc5d0 \uc758\uac70\ud55c \uac83\uc774\uae30\uc5d0 \uba85\ud655\ud55c \uc9c0\uc2dd\uacfc\ub294 \ubc18\ub300\ub85c, \ud63c\ub780\uc2a4\ub7ec\uc6b4 \uc9c0\uc131\uc774\ub77c\uace0 \uc124\uba85\ud588\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub7ec\ub098 \ubbf8\uc801 \ud310\ub2e8\uc740 \ud63c\ub780\uc2a4\ub7ec\uc6b4 \uc9c0\uc131\uc774 \uc544\ub2c8\ub77c, \uae30\uc874\uc758 \uc9c0\uc2dd\uc744 \ud63c\ub780\uc5d0 \ube60\ud2b8\ub9b4 \uc218 \uc788\ub294 \uc7a0\uc7ac \ub2a5\ub825\uc758 \ubc1c\ud604\uc774 \uc544\ub2d0\uae4c. \uc6b0\ub9ac\ub294 \uaf43\uc774 \uc544\ub984\ub2e4\uc6cc\uc11c \ubcf4\ub294 \uac83\uc774\uc9c0, \uaf43\uc774 \uc8fc\ub294 \uc720\uc6a9\uc131 \ub54c\ubb38\uc5d0 \uaf43\uc744 \uc544\ub984\ub2f5\ub2e4\uace0 \uc5ec\uae30\uc9c0 \uc54a\ub294\ub2e4. \uae38\uac00\uc758 \ub4e4\uaf43\uc73c\ub85c \uc778\ud574, \uc6b0\ub9ac\uac00 \uc5b4\ub290 \uc21c\uac04 \uac00\ub358 \uae38\uc744 \uba48\ucd94\uace0 \uadf8 \uc544\ub984\ub2e4\uc6c0\uc5d0 \ube60\uc838\ub4dc\ub294 \uac83\uc740, \uc790\ubcf8\uc8fc\uc758 \uc0ac\ud68c\uc5d0\uc11c \uc6b0\ub9ac\uac00 \uc778\uc9c0\ud560 \uc218\uc870\ucc28 \uc5c6\uac8c \uc18d\ubc15\ub418\uc5b4\ubc84\ub9b0 \uc790\ubcf8\uc774\ub098 \ub3c8\uacfc \uc5f0\uacb0\ub41c \uc218\ub9ce\uc740 \uc695\ub9dd\uacfc \uadf8 \uc774\ud574\uad00\uacc4, \uadf8\uac83\uc744 \ubc97\uc5b4\ub098 \uadf8\ub4e4\uc5d0 \uc885\uc18d\ub41c \uc6b0\ub9ac\uc758 \uac10\uac01\uc744 \ud574\ubc29\uc2dc\ucf1c\uc8fc\ub294 \uc21c\uac04\uc774\uae30 \ub54c\ubb38\uc774 \uc544\ub2d0\uae4c?<\/p>\n

\uadf8\ub798\uc11c \uce78\ud2b8\ub294 \ubbf8\ub97c “\uc9c0\uc2dd \ub300\uc0c1\uc774\ub098 \uc695\ub9dd \ub300\uc0c1\uc5d0 \uc5f0\uacb0\ub41c \uac10\uac01 \ud615\uc2dd\uc5d0\uc11c \ud574\ubc29\ub41c \ubb34\uad00\uc2ec\ud55c \ud310\ub2e8”\uc774\ub77c\uace0 \ud588\ub2e4. \ubc14\ub85c \uc774\ub7ec\ud55c \uc138\uc18d\uc801 \uc774\ud574\uad00\uacc4\uc5d0\uc11c \ubc97\uc5b4\ub098 \uc0ac\ubb3c\uc744 \ubcf4\uace0 \ub290\ub07c\ub294 \ub2a5\ub825\uc5d0\uc11c \uc138\uacc4\ub97c \ubcc0\ud654\uc2dc\ud0a4\uace0 \ucc3d\uc870\ud558\ub294 \ub2a5\ub825\uc774 \ubc1c\uc544\ub418\ub294 \uac83\uc740 \uc544\ub2d0\uae4c? \uadf8\uac83\uc774 \ubbf8(\u7f8e)\uc758 \ud798\uc774\ub2e4. \ub178\uc790\uac00 2\ucc9c5\ubc31 \ub144 \uc804\uc5d0 “\uc138\uc0c1 \uc628\uac16 \uc0ac\ub78c\ub4e4\uc774 \uc544\ub984\ub2f5\ub2e4\uace0 \uc0dd\uac01\ud558\ub294 \uc544\ub984\ub2e4\uc6c0\uc740 \uc0ac\uc2e4 \uc544\ub984\ub2e4\uc6c0\uc774 \uc544\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc138\uc0c1 \uc628\uac16 \uc0ac\ub78c\ub4e4\uc774 \uc544\ub984\ub2f5\uc9c0 \uc54a\ub2e4\uace0 \uc0dd\uac01\ud558\ub294 \ucd94\ud568\uc740 \uc0ac\uc2e4 \ucd94\ud568\uc774 \uc544\ub2c8\ub2e4.”\ub77c\uace0 \ub9d0\ud588\ub4ef, \uc778\uac04\uc758 \ubbf8\uac10\uc740 \uc6b0\ub9ac\ub97c \uae38\ub4e4\uc774\ub294 \uc628\uac16 \uad8c\ub825\uc5d0\uc11c \ubc97\uc5b4\ub098\uac8c \ud574\uc8fc\ub294 \ud574\ubc29\uc758 \uc528\uc557\uc744 \ub2f4\uc9c0\ud558\uace0 \uc788\ub2e4.<\/p>\n

\ud55c\uc1a1\uc774 \ubbfc\ub4e4\ub808\uaf43\uc774 \ubb34\uc9c0\ub9c9\uc9c0\ud55c \ub3c4\uc2ec\uc758 \uc2dc\uba58\ud2b8 \ub3c4\ub85c, \uadf8 \uc881\uc740 \ud2c8 \uc0ac\uc774\ub97c \ub6ab\uace0 \ub098\uc640 \uac00\uc7a5 \ube5b\ub098\ub294 \ubaa8\uc2b5\uc73c\ub85c \uc790\uc2e0\uc758 \uc874\uc7ac\ub97c \ub4dc\ub7ec\ub0b4\ub294 \uadf8 \uc21c\uac04, \uadf8\uac83\uc740 \ubcf4\uc798 \uac83 \uc5c6\ub294 \uc7a1\ud480\uc774\uae30\ub97c \uba48\ucd94\uace0 \uc6b0\ub9ac\uc758 \ub208\uc744 \uc0ac\ub85c\uc7a1\ub294 \uacbd\uc774\ub85c\uc6b4 ‘\uaf43’\uc774 \ub418\uc5b4, \uc6b0\ub9ac\uac00 \ucc0c\ub4e4\uc5b4 \uc788\ub294 \uc790\ubcf8\uacfc \uad8c\ub825\uc758 \uc18d\ubc15\uc5d0\uc11c \uc7a0\uc2dc\ub098\ub9c8 \ubc97\uc5b4\ub098\uac8c \ud574\uc8fc\ub294 \ud574\ubc29\uc758 \uac10\uc131\uacfc \ud76c\uc5f4\uc744 \uc120\uc0ac\ud55c\ub2e4. \uadf8\uac83\uc774 \ubc14\ub85c ‘\uc544\ub984\ub2e4\uc6c0’\uc774 \uac16\ub294 \ubcf8\uc9c8\uc774\uc790 \uc138\uc18d\uc801 \uc774\ud574\uad00\uacc4 \ubc97\uc5b4\ub098 \uc138\uc0c1 \ubcc0\ud654\uc2dc\ud0a4\ub294 \ub2a5\ub825\uc744 \uc2f9\ud2d4\uc6b0\ub294 \uc9c0\uc810\uc774\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\tYoungsam Ha
\nProfessor at Kyungsung University
\nDirector of the Center for the Study of Chinese Characters in Korea\n\ud558\uc601\uc0bc
\n\uacbd\uc131\ub300\ud559\uad50 \uad50\uc218
\n\ud55c\uad6d \ud55c\uc790\uc5f0\uad6c\uc18c \uc18c\uc7a5\n\t\t\t\t\"29737_16536_4516\"\n\t

RELATED POSTS<\/p>\n\tThe CLUMSY Plan
\nAddress : 4Fl. 199 Itaewon-ro (Itaewon-dong) Yongsan-gu, Seoul
\nInquiry : 02 – 723 – 2973, info@thomasparkgallery.com
\n\uc774\uc6a9\uc57d\uad00<\/a>\u00a0 \uc815\uae30\uacfc\uae08\uc774\uc6a9\uc57d\uad00<\/a> \u00a0\uac1c\uc778\uc815\ubcf4\ucde8\uae09\ubc29\uce68<\/a>\n\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u7f8e(BEAUTY), A Liberating Force \uad8c\ub825\uc758 \uc18d\ubc15\uc5d0\uc11c \ubc97\uc5b4\ub098\uac8c \ud558\ub294 \ud574\ubc29\uc758 \uac10\uc131, \u7f8e(\ubbf8) Text by Youngsam Ha \ud558\uc601\uc0bc Translation by Clumsy \ud074\ub7fc\uc9c0 1.The Chinese character for beauty, \u7f8e, is composed of two parts; ‘\u7f8a sheep’ and ‘\u5927 large or human.’ It has appeared since the oracle bone (\u7532\u9aa8\u6587) period and is one of the core Chinese characters…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":321,"featured_media":36668,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"tpl-no-header-footer.php","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[158,168],"tags":[52],"class_list":["post-38493","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-writing","category-youngsam-ha","tag-youngsam-ha"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/clumsy.site\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/38493","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/clumsy.site\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/clumsy.site\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/clumsy.site\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/321"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/clumsy.site\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=38493"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/clumsy.site\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/38493\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":38933,"href":"https:\/\/clumsy.site\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/38493\/revisions\/38933"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/clumsy.site\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/36668"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/clumsy.site\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=38493"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/clumsy.site\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=38493"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/clumsy.site\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=38493"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}